testSortDescending(new char[] {'A', '1', 'B', '2'}, 1, 3, new char[] {'A', 'B', '1', '2'});
  }

  public void testToArray() {
    // need explicit type parameter to avoid javac warning!?
    List<Character> none = Arrays.<Character>asList();
    assertThat(Chars.toArray(none)).isEqualTo(EMPTY);

    List<Character> one = Arrays.asList((char) 1);
    assertThat(Chars.toArray(one)).isEqualTo(ARRAY1);

Facebook, Google, GitHub, Microsoft, X(Twitter)로 “로그인”할 때마다, 해당 애플리케이션은 스코프가 있는 OAuth2를 사용하고 있습니다.

이 섹션에서는 **FastAPI** 애플리케이션에서 동일한 “스코프가 있는 OAuth2”로 인증(Authentication)과 인가(Authorization)를 관리하는 방법을 확인합니다.

/// warning | 경고

이 섹션은 다소 고급 내용입니다. 이제 막 시작했다면 건너뛰어도 됩니다.

OAuth2 스코프가 반드시 필요한 것은 아니며, 인증과 인가는 원하는 방식으로 처리할 수 있습니다.

하지만 스코프가 있는 OAuth2는 (OpenAPI와 함께) API 및 API 문서에 깔끔하게 통합될 수 있습니다.

import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.Spliterator;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * Fixed-size {@link Table} implementation backed by a two-dimensional array.
 *
 * <p><b>Warning:</b> {@code ArrayTable} is rarely the {@link Table} implementation you want. First,
 * it requires that the complete universe of rows and columns be specified at construction time.

`with`ブロックが終了すると、例外があったとしてもファイルを確かに閉じます。

`yield`を持つ依存関係を作成すると、**FastAPI** は内部的にそれをコンテキストマネージャに変換し、他の関連ツールと組み合わせます。

### `yield`を持つ依存関係でのコンテキストマネージャの使用 { #using-context-managers-in-dependencies-with-yield }

/// warning | 注意

これは多かれ少なかれ、「高度な」発想です。

**FastAPI** を使い始めたばかりの方は、とりあえずスキップした方がよいかもしれません。

///

has some fixed limit (including persistent volume counts on cloud nodes, exclusive CPU cores, or unique hardware devices) could trigger the failure. While this behavior is correct it reduces the throughput of pod execution and creates user-visible warnings - [future versions of Kubernetes will minimize the likelihood users see pod failures due to this issue](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/106884). In general, any automation that creates pods [must take Kubelet rejections into acco...

    repeatedlyInterruptTestThread(tearDownStack);
    latch.awaitUnsuccessfully(70);
    assertInterrupted();
  }

  // Condition.await() tests

  /*
   * RE: the WaitNotInLoop warnings:
   *
   * Our tests for awaitUninterruptibly are written under the assumption that no spurious wakeups
   * occur except for those produced by awaitUninterruptibly itself in response to interrupts.
   *

Dies liegt daran, dass FastAPI diesen `root_path` verwendet, um den Default-`server` in OpenAPI mit der von `root_path` bereitgestellten URL zu erstellen.

## Zusätzliche Server { #additional-servers }

/// warning | Achtung

Dies ist ein fortgeschrittener Anwendungsfall. Überspringen Sie das gerne.

///

Standardmäßig erstellt **FastAPI** einen `server` im OpenAPI-Schema mit der URL für den `root_path`.

 * <ul>
 *   <li>{@code [a..a]} : a singleton range
 *   <li>{@code [a..a); (a..a]} : {@linkplain #isEmpty empty} ranges; also valid
 *   <li>{@code (a..a)} : <b>invalid</b>; an exception will be thrown
 * </ul>
 *
 * <h3>Warnings</h3>
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li>Use immutable value types only, if at all possible. If you must use a mutable type, <b>do
 *       not</b> allow the endpoint instances to mutate after the range is created!

- Validation rules for Custom Resource Definitions can be written in the [CEL expression language](https://gith...

import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.Set;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * Fixed-size {@link Table} implementation backed by a two-dimensional array.
 *
 * <p><b>Warning:</b> {@code ArrayTable} is rarely the {@link Table} implementation you want. First,
 * it requires that the complete universe of rows and columns be specified at construction time.