def test_openapi_schema():
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == snapshot(
        {
            "openapi": "3.1.0",
            "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
            "paths": {
                "/a/{id}": {
                    "get": {
                        "responses": {
                            "422": {

def test_openapi_schema():
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == snapshot(
        {
            "openapi": "3.1.0",
            "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
            "paths": {
                "/users/me": {
                    "get": {
                        "responses": {
                            "200": {

def test_openapi_schema():
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == snapshot(
        {
            "openapi": "3.1.0",
            "info": {"title": "FastAPI", "version": "0.1.0"},
            "paths": {
                "/users/me": {
                    "get": {
                        "responses": {
                            "200": {

        assert this.fixture == null
        this.fixture = fixture;
        final Object pid = "${ -> this.fixture.pid }"
        onlyIf { fixture.pidFile.exists() }
        doFirst {
            logger.info("Shutting down ${fixture.name} with pid ${pid}")
        }

        if (Os.isFamily(Os.FAMILY_WINDOWS)) {
            executable = 'Taskkill'
            args('/PID', pid, '/F')
        } else {

    }

    /**
     * Get local network interface
     *
     * @return local interface info
     */
    public NetworkInterfaceInfo getLocalInterface() {
        return localInterface;
    }

    /**
     * Get remote network interface
     *
     * @return remote interface info
     */
    public NetworkInterfaceInfo getRemoteInterface() {
        return remoteInterface;
    }

## Import `Path` { #import-path }

First, import `Path` from `fastapi`, and import `Annotated`:

{* ../../docs_src/path_params_numeric_validations/tutorial001_an_py310.py hl[1,3] *}

/// info

FastAPI added support for `Annotated` (and started recommending it) in version 0.95.0.

If you have an older version, you would get errors when trying to use `Annotated`.

它是基於 [HTTPX](https://www.python-httpx.org) 打造，而 HTTPX 的設計又參考了 Requests，所以用起來非常熟悉、直覺。

借助它，你可以直接用 [pytest](https://docs.pytest.org/) 來測試 **FastAPI**。

## 使用 `TestClient` { #using-testclient }

/// info

要使用 `TestClient`，請先安裝 [`httpx`](https://www.python-httpx.org)。

請先建立並啟用一個[虛擬環境](../virtual-environments.md)，然後安裝，例如：

```console
$ pip install httpx
```

///

匯入 `TestClient`。

它基于 [HTTPX](https://www.python-httpx.org)，而HTTPX又是基于Requests设计的，所以很相似且易懂。

有了它，你可以直接与**FastAPI**一起使用 [pytest](https://docs.pytest.org/)。

## 使用 `TestClient` { #using-testclient }

/// info | 信息

要使用 `TestClient`，先要安装 [`httpx`](https://www.python-httpx.org)。

确保你创建并激活一个[虚拟环境](../virtual-environments.md)，然后再安装，例如：

```console
$ pip install httpx
```

///

导入 `TestClient`。

<Configuration status="WARN" packages="org.codelibs.fess.util">

	<Properties>
		<Property name="domain.name" value="${sys:fess.log.name:-fess}" />
		<Property name="log.level" value="${sys:fess.log.level:-info}" />
		<Property name="root.log.level" value="${sys:fess.log.level:-warn}" />
		<Property name="log.pattern" value="%d [%t] %-5p %msg%n" />
		<Property name="log.file.basedir" value="${sys:fess.log.path:-target/logs}" />

<Configuration status="WARN" packages="org.codelibs.fess.util">

	<Properties>
		<Property name="domain.name" value="${sys:fess.log.name:-fess}" />
		<Property name="log.level" value="${sys:fess.log.level:-info}" />
		<Property name="root.log.level" value="${sys:fess.log.level:-warn}" />
		<Property name="log.pattern" value="%d [%t] %-5p %msg%n" />
		<Property name="log.file.basedir" value="${sys:fess.log.path:-target/logs}" />