# Renvoyer directement une réponse

Lorsque vous créez une *opération de chemins* **FastAPI**, vous pouvez normalement retourner n'importe quelle donnée : un `dict`, une `list`, un modèle Pydantic, un modèle de base de données, etc.

Par défaut, **FastAPI** convertirait automatiquement cette valeur de retour en JSON en utilisant le `jsonable_encoder` expliqué dans [JSON Compatible Encoder](../tutorial/encoder.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

---

Por exemplo, no Visual Studio Code, você pode:

* Ir para o painel "Debug".
* "Add configuration...".
* Selecionar "Python"
* Executar o depurador com a opção "`Python: Current File (Integrated Terminal)`".

Em seguida, ele iniciará o servidor com seu código **FastAPI**, parará em seus pontos de interrupção, etc.

# 🎧 🈸 - 🗻

🚥 👆 💪 ✔️ 2️⃣ 🔬 FastAPI 🈸, ⏮️ 👫 👍 🔬 🗄 & 👫 👍 🩺 ⚜, 👆 💪 ✔️ 👑 📱 & "🗻" 1️⃣ (⚖️ 🌅) 🎧-🈸(Ⓜ).

## 🗜 **FastAPI** 🈸

"🗜" ⛓ ❎ 🍕 "🔬" 🈸 🎯 ➡, 👈 ⤴️ ✊ 💅 🚚 🌐 🔽 👈 ➡, ⏮️ _➡ 🛠️_ 📣 👈 🎧-🈸.

### 🔝-🎚 🈸

🥇, ✍ 👑, 🔝-🎚, **FastAPI** 🈸, & 🚮 *➡ 🛠️*:

```Python hl_lines="3  6-8"
{!../../docs_src/sub_applications/tutorial001.py!}
```

### 🎧-🈸

⤴️, ✍ 👆 🎧-🈸, & 🚮 *➡ 🛠️*.

### Фильтрация Данных FastAPI

FastAPI знает тип ответа функции, так что вы можете быть уверены, что на выходе будут **только** те поля, которые вы указали.

**FastAPI** weiß, dass es diese Abhängigkeit verwenden kann, um ein „Sicherheitsschema“ im OpenAPI-Schema (und der automatischen API-Dokumentation) zu definieren.

/// info | "Technische Details"

该依赖项使用字符串（`str`）接收*路径操作函数*的参数 `token` 。

**FastAPI** 使用依赖项在 OpenAPI 概图（及 API 文档）中定义**安全方案**。

/// info | "技术细节"

**FastAPI** 使用（在依赖项中声明的）类 `OAuth2PasswordBearer` 在 OpenAPI 中定义安全方案，这是因为它继承自 `fastapi.security.oauth2.OAuth2`，而该类又是继承自`fastapi.security.base.SecurityBase`。

所有与 OpenAPI（及 API 文档）集成的安全工具都继承自 `SecurityBase`， 这就是为什么 **FastAPI** 能把它们集成至 OpenAPI 的原因。

///

## 实现的操作

from typing import Any

import orjson
from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI
from fastapi.responses import HTMLResponse, JSONResponse, PlainTextResponse
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient


class ORJSONResponse(JSONResponse):
    media_type = "application/x-orjson"

    def render(self, content: Any) -> bytes:
        return orjson.dumps(content)


class OverrideResponse(JSONResponse):
    media_type = "application/x-override"

{!../../docs_src/static_files/tutorial001.py!}
```

/// note | "Teknik Detaylar"

Projenize dahil etmek için `from starlette.staticfiles import StaticFiles` kullanabilirsiniz.

**FastAPI**, geliştiricilere kolaylık sağlamak amacıyla `starlette.staticfiles`'ı `fastapi.staticfiles` olarak sağlar. Ancak `StaticFiles` sınıfı aslında doğrudan Starlette'den gelir.

///

### Bağlama (Mounting) Nedir?

from typing import Annotated

from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, Query
from sqlmodel import Field, Session, SQLModel, create_engine, select


class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: int | None = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str = Field(index=True)
    age: int | None = Field(default=None, index=True)
    secret_name: str


sqlite_file_name = "database.db"
sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"

from pathlib import Path
from typing import Optional

from fastapi import APIRouter, FastAPI, File, UploadFile
from fastapi.exceptions import HTTPException
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

app = FastAPI()

router = APIRouter()


class ContentSizeLimitMiddleware:
    """Content size limiting middleware for ASGI applications
    Args:
      app (ASGI application): ASGI application