{* ../../docs_src/middleware/tutorial001_py39.py hl[10,12:13] *}

/// tip

Here we use <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/time.html#time.perf_counter" class="external-link" target="_blank">`time.perf_counter()`</a> instead of `time.time()` because it can be more precise for these use cases. 🤓

///

## Multiple middleware execution order { #multiple-middleware-execution-order }

 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,

///

## Recap { #recap }

You can use Pydantic's `Field` to declare extra validations and metadata for model attributes.

 * stale).
 */
class CacheStrategy internal constructor(
  /** The request to send on the network, or null if this call doesn't use the network. */
  val networkRequest: Request?,
  /** The cached response to return or validate; or null if this call doesn't use a cache. */
  val cacheResponse: Response?,
) {
  class Factory(
    private val nowMillis: Long,
    internal val request: Request,
    private val cacheResponse: Response?,
  ) {

It includes built in muxing of concurrent requests as well as congestion handling for streams.

Requests can be "Single Payload" or "Streamed".

Use the MinIO Grid for:

* Small, frequent requests with low latency requirements.
* Long-running requests with small/medium payloads.

Do *not* use the MinIO Grid for:

* Large payloads.

Only a single connection is ever made between two servers.

Have a simple and easy to use routing system.

///

### <a href="https://requests.readthedocs.io" class="external-link" target="_blank">Requests</a> { #requests }

**FastAPI** is not actually an alternative to **Requests**. Their scope is very different.

It would actually be common to use Requests *inside* of a FastAPI application.

/*
 * Copyright 2012-2025 CodeLibs Project and the Others.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

/*
 * Copyright 2012-2025 CodeLibs Project and the Others.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2020 Square, Inc.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

        // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
        // Local Repository
        //
        // 1. Use a value has been passed in via the configuration
        // 2. Use value in the resultant settings
        // 3. Use default value
        // ------------------------------------------------------------------------

        if (request.getLocalRepository() == null) {