for (int flag : new int[] { 0, 0xFF, 0x01, 0x80 }) {
            TestMessage m = new TestMessage();
            m.ptype = 0;
            m.flags = flag;

            NdrBuffer buf = new NdrBuffer(new byte[1024], 0);
            m.encode(buf);

            // Reset and skip to flags field
            buf.setIndex(3);
            assertEquals(flag, buf.dec_ndr_small());
        }
    }

            // Check that no two flags overlap (except combined flags)
            for (int i = 0; i < flags.length; i++) {
                for (int j = i + 1; j < flags.length; j++) {
                    assertEquals(0, flags[i] & flags[j], String.format("Flags at index %d and %d should not overlap", i, j));
                }
            }
        }
    }

        @DisplayName("Should encode consistently with various flag values")
        @ValueSource(ints = { 0, 1, 2, 4, 16, 0xFF, 0xFFFF, 0xFFFFFF, 0x7FFFFFFF, -1 })
        void testEncodingWithVariousFlags(int flags) {
            lock = new Smb2Lock(1024L, 2048L, flags);
            int encoded = lock.encode(buffer, 0);

            assertEquals(24, encoded);
            assertEquals(flags, SMBUtil.readInt4(buffer, 16));
        }

        assertEquals(0, msrpcSamrConnect2.getPtype(), "getPtype() should return 0");
        assertEquals(DcerpcConstants.DCERPC_FIRST_FRAG | DcerpcConstants.DCERPC_LAST_FRAG, msrpcSamrConnect2.getFlags(),
                "getFlags() should return correct flags");
        assertTrue(msrpcSamrConnect2.isFlagSet(DcerpcConstants.DCERPC_FIRST_FRAG), "DCERPC_FIRST_FRAG should be set");

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test flag checking with bitwise AND")
    void testFlagChecking() {
        int flags = SecurityInfo.OWNER_SECURITY_INFO | SecurityInfo.DACL_SECURITY_INFO;

        // Test presence of flags
        assertTrue((flags & SecurityInfo.OWNER_SECURITY_INFO) != 0);
        assertTrue((flags & SecurityInfo.DACL_SECURITY_INFO) != 0);

        // Test absence of flags

        queryPolicy = new MsrpcQueryInformationPolicy(mockPolicyHandle, level, mockNdrObject);

        // Assert
        assertEquals(expectedFlags, queryPolicy.getFlags());
        // Binary check for individual flags
        assertEquals(0x03, queryPolicy.getFlags()); // 0x01 | 0x02 = 0x03
    }

    @Test
    void getOpnum_shouldReturnCorrectValue() {
        // Arrange
        short level = 1;

            for (int flag : fragmentFlags) {
                assertTrue(flag >= 0x00 && flag <= 0xFF,
                        String.format("Fragment flag 0x%02X should be in valid byte range 0x00-0xFF", flag));
            }
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("RPC packet flags should be within byte range")
        void testRpcPacketFlagsRange() {

    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test context with flags")
    public void testContextWithFlags() {
        CompressionNegotiateContext contextWithFlags =
                new CompressionNegotiateContext(config, new int[] { CompressionNegotiateContext.COMPRESSION_LZ77 }, 0x12345678);

        assertEquals(0x12345678, contextWithFlags.getFlags());
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test toString representation")

        assertEquals(0, lsarClose.getPtype(), "The ptype should be set to 0.");

        // Verify that the flags are set to the combination of DCERPC_FIRST_FRAG and DCERPC_LAST_FRAG
        int expectedFlags = DcerpcConstants.DCERPC_FIRST_FRAG | DcerpcConstants.DCERPC_LAST_FRAG;
        assertEquals(expectedFlags, lsarClose.getFlags(), "The flags should be set to DCERPC_FIRST_FRAG | DCERPC_LAST_FRAG.");
    }

        return timeout100Ns / 10000L;
    }

    /**
     * Get the flags
     * @return the flags
     */
    public int getFlags() {
        return flags;
    }

    /**
     * Check if this is a persistent handle
     * @return true if persistent
     */
    public boolean isPersistent() {
        return (flags & Smb2HandleCapabilities.SMB2_DHANDLE_FLAG_PERSISTENT) != 0;
    }

    /**