/** The tag class this adapter expects, or -1 to match any tag class. */
  val tagClass: Int,
  /** The tag this adapter expects, or -1 to match any tag. */
  val tag: Long,
  /** Encode and decode the value once tags are handled. */
  private val codec: Codec<T>,
  /** True if the default value should be used if this value is absent during decoding. */
  val isOptional: Boolean = false,

    * Numbers (`int`, `float`) with min and max values, etc.

* Validation for more exotic types, like:
    * URL.
    * Email.
    * UUID.
    * ...and others.

All the validation is handled by the well-established and robust **Pydantic**.

### Security and authentication

Security and authentication integrated. Without any compromise with databases or data models.

}
```

/// tip

When raising an `HTTPException`, you can pass any value that can be converted to JSON as the parameter `detail`, not only `str`.

You could pass a `dict`, a `list`, etc.

They are handled automatically by **FastAPI** and converted to JSON.

///

## Add custom headers

There are some situations in where it's useful to be able to add custom headers to the HTTP error. For example, for some types of security.

- admin:SetTier
- admin:ListTier

#### Give full admin permissions

- admin:*

### 5. Using an external IDP for admin users

Admin users can also be externally managed by an IDP by configuring admin policy with
special permissions listed above. Follow [MinIO STS Quickstart Guide](https://min.io/docs/minio/linux/developers/security-token-service.html) to manage users with an IDP.

 * one or more streams, and then released. An allocated connection won't be stolen by other calls
 * while a redirect or authorization challenge is being handled.
 *
 * When the maximum concurrent streams limit is reduced, some allocations will be rescinded.
 * Attempting to create new streams on these allocations will fail.
 *

If you raise any exception, it will be passed to the dependencies with yield, including `HTTPException`. In most cases you will want to re-raise that same exception or a new one from the dependency with `yield` to make sure it's properly handled.

///

## Dependencies with `yield`, `HTTPException`, `except` and Background Tasks

/// warning

You most probably don't need these technical details, you can skip this section and continue below.

            return this;
        }

        /**
         * Adds the specified managed dependency.
         *
         * @param managedDependency The managed dependency to add, may be {@code null} in which case the call
         *                          will have no effect.
         * @return this request for chaining, never {@code null}

                                .setMessage("Ignored POM import for: " + toString(dependency) + " as already imported "
                                        + toString(present) + ". Add the conflicting managed dependency directly "
                                        + "to the dependencyManagement section of the POM."));
                    }
                }
            }

@Deprecated(since = "4.0.0")
public interface ModelBuildingResult {

    /**
     * Gets the sequence of model identifiers that denote the lineage of models from which the effective model was
     * constructed. Model identifiers should be handled as "opaque strings" and this method should be used as source
     * if navigating the linage. The first identifier from the list denotes the model on which the model builder

    assertEquals("embedded%00null", e.escape("embedded\0null"));
    assertEquals("max%EF%BF%BFchar", e.escape("max\uffffchar"));
  }

  /** Tests the various ways that the space character can be handled */
  public void testPlusForSpace() {
    UnicodeEscaper basicEscaper = new PercentEscaper("", false);
    UnicodeEscaper plusForSpaceEscaper = new PercentEscaper("", true);