*   mutation, which is not an actual risk because we use `synchronized`.
   * - Make `remaining` require a non-null `seq` argument. But this is a bit weird because the
   *   method, while it would avoid the instance field `seq` would still access the instance field
   *   `pos`.
   */

  @Override
  public synchronized int read(CharBuffer target) throws IOException {
    checkNotNull(target);
    checkOpen();

   *   mutation, which is not an actual risk because we use `synchronized`.
   * - Make `remaining` require a non-null `seq` argument. But this is a bit weird because the
   *   method, while it would avoid the instance field `seq` would still access the instance field
   *   `pos`.
   */

  @Override
  public synchronized int read(CharBuffer target) throws IOException {
    checkNotNull(target);
    checkOpen();

Because we are using a relative URL, if your API was located at `https://example.com/`, then it would refer to `https://example.com/token`. But if your API was located at `https://example.com/api/v1/`, then it would refer to `https://example.com/api/v1/token`.

In the next chapter about [FastAPI in Containers - Docker](docker.md){.internal-link target=_blank} I'll explain some strategies you could use to handle the other **deployment concepts**.

I'll show you how to **build your own image from scratch** to run a single Uvicorn process. It is a simple process and is probably what you would want to do when using a distributed container management system like **Kubernetes**.

## Recap

      "input": null,
      "url": "https://errors.pydantic.dev/2.1/v/missing"
    }
  ]
}
```

As `needy` is a required parameter, you would need to set it in the URL:

```
http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/foo-item?needy=sooooneedy
```

...this would work:

```JSON
{
    "item_id": "foo-item",
    "needy": "sooooneedy"
}
```

   *
   * - https://github.com/jspecify/jdk/commit/71d826792b8c7ef95d492c50a274deab938f2552
   */
  /*
   * TODO(cpovirk): Is the unchecked cast avoidable? Would System.arraycopy be similarly fast (if
   * likewise not type-checked)? Could our single caller do something different?
   */
  @SuppressWarnings({"nullness", "unchecked"})

   *
   * - https://github.com/jspecify/jdk/commit/71d826792b8c7ef95d492c50a274deab938f2552
   */
  /*
   * TODO(cpovirk): Is the unchecked cast avoidable? Would System.arraycopy be similarly fast (if
   * likewise not type-checked)? Could our single caller do something different?
   */
  @SuppressWarnings({"nullness", "unchecked"})

And then you can set headers in that *temporal* response object.

```Python hl_lines="1  7-8"
{!../../docs_src/response_headers/tutorial002.py!}
```

And then you can return any object you need, as you normally would (a `dict`, a database model, etc).

And if you declared a `response_model`, it will still be used to filter and convert the object you returned.

This client could be a browser with a frontend, a code from someone else, an IoT device, etc.

You could need to tell the client that:

* The client doesn't have enough privileges for that operation.
* The client doesn't have access to that resource.
* The item the client was trying to access doesn't exist.
* etc.

disabled. It also listens on the IP address `0.0.0.0`, which means all the available IP addresses, this way it will be publicly accessible to anyone that can communicate with the machine. This is how you would normally run it in production, for example, in a container.

In most cases you would (and should) have a "termination proxy" handling HTTPS for you on top, this will depend on how you deploy your application, your provider might do this for you, or you might need to set it up yourself....