}

    public void test_specialCharactersInMessage() {
        // Test with special characters in message
        String message = "LDAP error: \n\t\r Special chars: @#$%^&*(){}[]|\\:;\"'<>,.?/~`";
        LdapOperationException exception = new LdapOperationException(message);

        assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage());
    }

    public void test_unicodeMessage() {

        assertNull(exception.getCause());
    }

    public void test_withSpecialCharactersInMessage() {
        // Test with special characters in message
        String message = "Error with special chars: \n\t\r\"'<>&";
        ScriptEngineException exception = new ScriptEngineException(message);

        assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage());
        assertNull(exception.getCause());
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test size calculation with short filename")
    void testSizeWithShortFilename() {
        FileRenameInformation2 info = new FileRenameInformation2("test.txt", false);
        // 20 bytes fixed + 2 * 8 chars = 20 + 16 = 36
        assertEquals(36, info.size());
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Test size calculation with long filename")
    void testSizeWithLongFilename() {

            // Expected exception
            assertNotNull(e);
        }
    }

    // Test special characters in property values
    public void test_get_specialCharacters() {
        String testKey = "special.chars";
        String specialValue = "!@#$%^&*()_+-=[]{}|;':\",./<>?";
        System.setProperty(Constants.FESS_CONFIG_PREFIX + testKey, specialValue);

        try {
            String value = fessConfig.get(testKey);

   */
  public PercentEscaper(String safeChars, boolean plusForSpace) {
    // TODO(dbeaumont): Switch to static factory methods for creation now that class is final.
    // TODO(dbeaumont): Support escapers where alphanumeric chars are not safe.
    checkNotNull(safeChars); // eager for GWT.
    // Avoid any misunderstandings about the behavior of this escaper
    if (safeChars.matches(".*[0-9A-Za-z].*")) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(

    StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder("abc");
    List<Character> chars = charactersOf(builder);
    assertEquals(asList('a', 'b', 'c'), chars);
    builder.append("def");
    assertEquals(asList('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'), chars);
    builder.deleteCharAt(5);
    assertEquals(asList('a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'), chars);
  }

  public void testNewArrayListEmpty() {

        assertTrue(exception.getMessage().length() > 10000);
    }

    public void test_specialCharactersInMessage() {
        // Test special characters in message
        String message = "Special chars: \n\t\r\"'<>&{}[]()!@#$%^&*";

        SearchQueryException exception = new SearchQueryException(message);

        assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage());
    }

    public void test_unicodeInMessage() {

    int utf8Length = utf16Length;
    int i = 0;

    // This loop optimizes for pure ASCII.
    while (i < utf16Length && sequence.charAt(i) < 0x80) {
      i++;
    }

    // This loop optimizes for chars less than 0x800.
    for (; i < utf16Length; i++) {
      char c = sequence.charAt(i);
      if (c < 0x800) {
        utf8Length += (0x7f - c) >>> 31; // branch free!
      } else {

    }

    public void test_messageWithSpecialCharacters() {
        // Setup
        final String message = "Error: Failed to authenticate user <******@****.***> with special chars: #$%&*()!@";
        final VaMessenger<FessMessages> messageCode = messages -> messages.addErrorsSsoLoginError(UserMessages.GLOBAL_PROPERTY_KEY);
        final Exception cause = new RuntimeException("Special cause: \n\t\r");

        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should handle special characters in message")
        void testSpecialCharactersInMessage() {
            String message = "Error: \n\t\r\\ \"special\" 'chars' @#$%^&*()";
            TransportException exception = new TransportException(message);

            assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage());
            assertNotNull(exception.toString());
        }