The **default** value of the **function parameter** is the **actual default** value, that's more intuitive with Python in general. 😌

 * @since 2.0
 */
@GwtCompatible
public abstract class ForwardingMapEntry<K extends @Nullable Object, V extends @Nullable Object>
    extends ForwardingObject implements Map.Entry<K, V> {
  // TODO(lowasser): identify places where thread safety is actually lost

  /** Constructor for use by subclasses. */
  protected ForwardingMapEntry() {}

  @Override
  protected abstract Entry<K, V> delegate();

  @Override

		SetIdx:  0,
		DiskIdx: diskIdx,
	}, true)
}

// creates a temp dir and sets up xlStorage layer.
// returns xlStorage layer, temp dir path to be used for the purpose of tests.
func newXLStorageTestSetup(tb testing.TB) (*xlStorageDiskIDCheck, string, error) {
	diskPath := tb.TempDir()

	// Initialize a new xlStorage layer.
	storage, err := newLocalXLStorageWithDiskIdx(diskPath, 3)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, "", err

     * best we can do (since logging may overflow the stack) is to let the error propagate. Because
     * it is an Error, it won't be caught and logged by AbstractFuture.executeListener. Instead, it
     * can propagate through many layers of AbstractTransformFuture up to the root call to set().
     *
     * https://github.com/google/guava/issues/2254
     *
     * Other kinds of Errors are possible:
     *

 * @author Louis Wasserman
 * @since 2.0
 */
@GwtCompatible
public abstract class ForwardingList<E extends @Nullable Object> extends ForwardingCollection<E>
    implements List<E> {
  // TODO(lowasser): identify places where thread safety is actually lost

  /** Constructor for use by subclasses. */
  protected ForwardingList() {}

  @Override
  protected abstract List<E> delegate();

  @Override

     * best we can do (since logging may overflow the stack) is to let the error propagate. Because
     * it is an Error, it won't be caught and logged by AbstractFuture.executeListener. Instead, it
     * can propagate through many layers of AbstractTransformFuture up to the root call to set().
     *
     * https://github.com/google/guava/issues/2254
     *
     * Other kinds of Errors are possible:
     *

### We Make Mistakes { #we-make-mistakes }

We, as humans, make **mistakes**, all the time. Software almost *always* has **bugs** hidden in different places. 🐛

And we as developers keep improving the code as we find those bugs and as we implement new features (possibly adding new bugs too 😅).

### Small Errors Automatically Handled { #small-errors-automatically-handled }

But there are situations where you might need to access the `Request` object directly.

## Details about the `Request` object { #details-about-the-request-object }

As **FastAPI** is actually **Starlette** underneath, with a layer of several tools on top, you can use Starlette's <a href="https://www.starlette.io/requests/" class="external-link" target="_blank">`Request`</a> object directly when you need to.

   * it is returned directly. Otherwise, a new array of size {@code minLength + padding} is
   * returned, containing the values of {@code array}, and zeroes in the remaining places.
   *
   * @param array the source array
   * @param minLength the minimum length the returned array must guarantee
   * @param padding an extra amount to "grow" the array by if growth is necessary

{* ../../docs_src/query_params/tutorial001.py hl[9] *}

La partie appelée requête (ou **query**) dans une URL est l'ensemble des paires clés-valeurs placées après le `?` , séparées par des `&`.

Par exemple, dans l'URL :

```
http://127.0.0.1:8000/items/?skip=0&limit=10
```

...les paramètres de requête sont :

* `skip` : avec une valeur de`0`