* array whose contents are initially non-null. The {@code @Nullable} annotation indicates that
   * this method will write nulls into the array during iteration.
   *
   * <p>This is mainly just to avoid the intermediate ArrayDeque in ConsumingQueueIterator.
   */
  private static <I extends Iterator<?>> Iterator<I> consumingForArray(@Nullable I... elements) {
    return new UnmodifiableIterator<I>() {
      int index = 0;

- Kubeadm: add support for certificate chain validation. When using kubeadm in external CA mode, this allows an intermediate CA to be used to sign the certificates. The intermediate CA certificate must be appended to each signed certificate for this to work correctly. ([#97266](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/97266), [@robbiemcmichael](https://github.com/robbiemcmichael)) [SIG Cluster...

- Client-go certificate manager rotation gained the ability to preserve optional intermediate chains accompanying issued certificates ([#88744](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/88744), [@jackkleeman](https://github.com/jackkleeman)) [SIG API Machinery and Auth]

    keyStoreType: String?,
    heldCertificate: HeldCertificate?,
    vararg intermediates: X509Certificate,
  ): X509KeyManager {
    val keyStore = newEmptyKeyStore(keyStoreType)
    if (heldCertificate != null) {
      val chain = arrayOfNulls<Certificate>(1 + intermediates.size)
      chain[0] = heldCertificate.certificate
      intermediates.copyInto(chain, 1)

    assertThat(cleaner.clean(list(certificate, intermediateCa), "hostname"))
      .isEqualTo(
        list(certificate, intermediateCa, trusted),
      )
    assertThat(cleaner.clean(list(certificate, intermediateCa, trusted), "hostname"))
      .isEqualTo(
        list(certificate, intermediateCa, trusted),
      )
  }

  @Test
  fun chainMaxLength() {
    val heldCertificates = chainOfLength(10)

- Kubeadm: during the validation of existing kubeconfig files on disk, handle cases where the "ca.crt" is a bundle and has intermediate certificates. Find a common trust anchor between the "ca.crt" bundle and the CA in the existing kubeconfig on disk instead of treating "ca.crt" as a file containing a single CA. ([#123102](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/123102),...

</p>

<p>
For instance, some architectures provide a "fused multiply and add" (FMA) instruction
that computes <code>x*y + z</code> without rounding the intermediate result <code>x*y</code>.
These examples show when a Go implementation can use that instruction:
</p>

<pre>
// FMA allowed for computing r, because x*y is not explicitly rounded:
r  = x*y + z

  private fun buildClient(
    heldCertificate: HeldCertificate?,
    vararg intermediates: X509Certificate,
  ): OkHttpClient {
    val builder =
      HandshakeCertificates
        .Builder()
        .addTrustedCertificate(serverRootCa.certificate)
    if (heldCertificate != null) {
      builder.heldCertificate(heldCertificate, *intermediates)
    }
    val handshakeCertificates = builder.build()
    return clientTestRule

     */
    boolean isResolveHashes();

    /**
     * Check if this referral needs to be resolved further
     *
     * @return whether this refrral needs to be resolved further
     */
    boolean isIntermediate();

    /**
     * Combine this referral with another to form a chain
     *
     * @param next the referral to combine with
     * @return new referral, combining a chain of referrals
     */

  * [stable] [containerd](https://github.com/containerd/containerd): containerd v1.1 natively supports CRI v1alpha2 now, so users can use Kubernetes v1.10 with containerd v1.1 directly, without having to use the intermediate cri-containerd daemon. [All Kubernetes 1.10 tests passed](https://k8s-testgrid.appspot.com/sig-node-containerd). [@Random-Liu]