# Тестирование { #testing }

Благодаря [Starlette](https://www.starlette.dev/testclient/), тестировать приложения **FastAPI** легко и приятно.

Тестирование основано на библиотеке [HTTPX](https://www.python-httpx.org), которая в свою очередь основана на библиотеке Requests, так что все действия знакомы и интуитивно понятны.

Используя эти инструменты, Вы можете напрямую задействовать [pytest](https://docs.pytest.org/) с **FastAPI**.

# 測試 { #testing }

多虧了 [Starlette](https://www.starlette.dev/testclient/)，測試 **FastAPI** 應用既簡單又好用。

它是基於 [HTTPX](https://www.python-httpx.org) 打造，而 HTTPX 的設計又參考了 Requests，所以用起來非常熟悉、直覺。

借助它，你可以直接用 [pytest](https://docs.pytest.org/) 來測試 **FastAPI**。

## 使用 `TestClient` { #using-testclient }

/// info

要使用 `TestClient`，請先安裝 [`httpx`](https://www.python-httpx.org)。

請先建立並啟用一個[虛擬環境](../virtual-environments.md)，然後安裝，例如：

```console

from starlette.routing import (
    BaseRoute,
    Match,
    compile_path,
    get_name,
)
from starlette.routing import Mount as Mount  # noqa
from starlette.types import AppType, ASGIApp, Lifespan, Receive, Scope, Send
from starlette.websockets import WebSocket
from typing_extensions import deprecated


# Copy of starlette.routing.request_response modified to include the

# 测试 { #testing }

感谢 [Starlette](https://www.starlette.dev/testclient/)，测试**FastAPI** 应用轻松又愉快。

它基于 [HTTPX](https://www.python-httpx.org)，而HTTPX又是基于Requests设计的，所以很相似且易懂。

有了它，你可以直接与**FastAPI**一起使用 [pytest](https://docs.pytest.org/)。

## 使用 `TestClient` { #using-testclient }

/// info | 信息

要使用 `TestClient`，先要安装 [`httpx`](https://www.python-httpx.org)。

确保你创建并激活一个[虚拟环境](../virtual-environments.md)，然后再安装，例如：

```console

        buf.append(LF).append("```\"}");
        return buf.toString();
    }

    /**
     * Sends a notification to Google Chat.
     *
     * @param cardView the card view for the notification
     * @param discloser the mail posting discloser
     */
    protected void sendToGoogleChat(final CardView cardView, final SMailPostingDiscloser discloser) {

<module>
<source path="">
  <!-- Hack to keep collect from hiding collect.testing supersource: -->
  <exclude name="**/testing/**"/>
</source>

<!--
    We used to set this only for packages that had manual supersource. That
    worked everywhere that I know of except for one place: when running the GWT
    util.concurrent tests under Guava.

    The problem is that GWT responds poorly to two .gwt.xml files in the same
    Java package; see

# Testing Events: lifespan and startup - shutdown { #testing-events-lifespan-and-startup-shutdown }

When you need `lifespan` to run in your tests, you can use the `TestClient` with a `with` statement:

{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial004_py310.py hl[9:15,18,27:28,30:32,41:43] *}


You can read more details about the ["Running lifespan in tests in the official Starlette documentation site."](https://www.starlette.dev/lifespan/#running-lifespan-in-tests)

# Tester les événements : lifespan et startup - shutdown { #testing-events-lifespan-and-startup-shutdown }

Lorsque vous avez besoin d'exécuter `lifespan` dans vos tests, vous pouvez utiliser `TestClient` avec une instruction `with` :

{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial004_py310.py hl[9:15,18,27:28,30:32,41:43] *}

# Probando WebSockets { #testing-websockets }

Puedes usar el mismo `TestClient` para probar WebSockets.

Para esto, usas el `TestClient` en un statement `with`, conectándote al WebSocket:

{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial002_py310.py hl[27:31] *}

/// note | Nota

Para más detalles, revisa la documentación de Starlette sobre [probar WebSockets](https://www.starlette.dev/testclient/#testing-websocket-sessions).

# Tester une base de données { #testing-a-database }

Vous pouvez étudier les bases de données, SQL et SQLModel dans les [documents SQLModel](https://sqlmodel.tiangolo.com/). 🤓

Il existe un mini [tutoriel sur l'utilisation de SQLModel avec FastAPI](https://sqlmodel.tiangolo.com/tutorial/fastapi/). ✨