public static String escape(final String value) {
        if (value == null) {
            return null;
        }

        char c;
        final int len = value.length();
        final StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(len * 2);

        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            c = value.charAt(i);
            switch (c) {
            case '\\':
            case '"':
                buf.append('\\');

  }

  /** Helper to manually escape a 7-bit ascii character */
  private String escapeAscii(char c) {
    Preconditions.checkArgument(c < 128);
    String hex = "0123456789ABCDEF";
    return "%" + hex.charAt((c >> 4) & 0xf) + hex.charAt(c & 0xf);
  }

    if (chars instanceof String) {
      return toLowerCase((String) chars);
    }
    char[] newChars = new char[chars.length()];
    for (int i = 0; i < newChars.length; i++) {
      newChars[i] = toLowerCase(chars.charAt(i));
    }
    return String.valueOf(newChars);
  }

  /**
   * If the argument is an {@linkplain #isUpperCase(char) uppercase ASCII character}, returns the

errorMessageKey:"badUKVatAnswer"}),a.formUtils.addValidator({name:"ukutr",validatorFunction:function(a){var b=[0,6,7,8,9,10,5,4,3,2],c=[2,1,9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1],d=0;if(/\d{10}/.test(a)&&10===a.length){for(var e=0;e<10;e++)d+=a[e]*b[e];if(parseInt(a.charAt(0))===c[d%11])return!0}return!1},errorMessage:"",errorMessageKey:"badUkUtr"}),a.formUtils.addValidator({name:"uknin",validatorFunction:function(a){return!!/^(?!BG)(?!GB)(?!NK)(?!KN)(?!TN)(?!NT)(?!ZZ)(?:[A-CEGHJ-PR-TW-Z][A-CEGHJ-NPR-TW-Z])(?:\s*\d...

        while ( p < len && ( ch = pathInfo.charAt(p) ) != '/' ) {
            out[ i++ ] = ch;
            p++;
        }
        while ( p < len && pathInfo.charAt(p) == '/' ) {
            p++;
        }
        if ( p < len ) { /* then there must be a share */
            out[ i++ ] = '/';
            do { /* collect the share name */
                out[ i++ ] = ( ch = pathInfo.charAt(p++) );
            }

        }
        String item = list.get(index).trim();
        if (StringUtil.isBlank(item)) {
            return StringUtil.EMPTY;
        }
        if (item.length() > 1 && item.charAt(0) == '"' && item.charAt(item.length() - 1) == '"') {
            item = item.substring(1, item.length() - 1);
        }
        return item;
    }

    String testString = "abcdef";
    Reader reader = new StringReader(testString);

    assertEquals(testString.charAt(0), reader.read());
    CharStreams.skipFully(reader, 1);
    assertEquals(testString.charAt(2), reader.read());
    CharStreams.skipFully(reader, 2);
    assertEquals(testString.charAt(5), reader.read());

    assertEquals(-1, reader.read());
  }

  public void testAsWriter() {

    String testString = "abcdef";
    Reader reader = new StringReader(testString);

    assertEquals(testString.charAt(0), reader.read());
    CharStreams.skipFully(reader, 1);
    assertEquals(testString.charAt(2), reader.read());
    CharStreams.skipFully(reader, 2);
    assertEquals(testString.charAt(5), reader.read());

    assertEquals(-1, reader.read());
  }

  public void testAsWriter() {

        if (value == null || value.length() == 0) {
            replacement = '\u30fc';
        } else {
            replacement = value.charAt(0);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public Reader create(final Reader tokenStream) {
        return new ProlongedSoundMarkCharFilter(tokenStream, replacement);
    }

    static String unescape ( String str ) throws NumberFormatException, UnsupportedEncodingException {
        char ch;
        int i, j, state, len;
        char[] out;
        byte[] b = new byte[1];

        if ( str == null ) {
            return null;
        }

        len = str.length();
        out = new char[len];
        state = 0;
        for ( i = j = 0; i < len; i++ ) {
            switch ( state ) {