security_scopes: SecurityScopes, token: str = Depends(oauth2_scheme)
):
    if security_scopes.scopes:
        authenticate_value = f'Bearer scope="{security_scopes.scope_str}"'
    else:
        authenticate_value = "Bearer"
    credentials_exception = HTTPException(
        status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
        detail="Could not validate credentials",
        headers={"WWW-Authenticate": authenticate_value},
    )
    try:

):
    if security_scopes.scopes:
        authenticate_value = f'Bearer scope="{security_scopes.scope_str}"'
    else:
        authenticate_value = "Bearer"
    credentials_exception = HTTPException(
        status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
        detail="Could not validate credentials",
        headers={"WWW-Authenticate": authenticate_value},
    )
    try:

):
    if security_scopes.scopes:
        authenticate_value = f'Bearer scope="{security_scopes.scope_str}"'
    else:
        authenticate_value = "Bearer"
    credentials_exception = HTTPException(
        status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
        detail="Could not validate credentials",
        headers={"WWW-Authenticate": authenticate_value},
    )
    try:

OpenAPI define os seguintes esquemas de segurança:

* `apiKey`: uma chave específica de aplicação que pode vir de:
    * Um parâmetro query.
    * Um header.
    * Um cookie.
* `http`: padrão HTTP de sistemas autenticação, incluindo:
    * `bearer`: um header de `Authorization` com valor de `Bearer` adicionado de um token. Isso é herança do OAuth2.
    * HTTP Basic authentication.
    * HTTP Digest, etc.

    * したがって、APIで認証するため、HTTPヘッダー`Authorization`に`Bearer`の文字列とトークンを加えた値を送信します。
    * トークンに`foobar`が含まれている場合、`Authorization`ヘッダーの内容は次のようになります: `Bearer foobar`。

## **FastAPI**の`OAuth2PasswordBearer`

**FastAPI**は、これらのセキュリティ機能を実装するために、抽象度の異なる複数のツールを提供しています。

この例では、**Bearer**トークンを使用して**OAuth2**を**パスワード**フローで使用します。これには`OAuth2PasswordBearer`クラスを使用します。

/// info | "情報"

「bearer」トークンが、唯一の選択肢ではありません。

しかし、私たちのユースケースには最適です。

⚙️ 👫, 👆 💪 ✊ 📈 🌐 👫 🐩-⚓️ 🧰, 🔌 👉 🎓 🧾 ⚙️.

🗄 🔬 📄 💂‍♂ ⚖:

* `apiKey`: 🈸 🎯 🔑 👈 💪 👟 ⚪️➡️:
    * 🔢 🔢.
    * 🎚.
    * 🍪.
* `http`: 🐩 🇺🇸🔍 🤝 ⚙️, 🔌:
    * `bearer`: 🎚 `Authorization` ⏮️ 💲 `Bearer ` ➕ 🤝. 👉 😖 ⚪️➡️ Oauth2️⃣.
    * 🇺🇸🔍 🔰 🤝.
    * 🇺🇸🔍 📰, ♒️.
* `oauth2`: 🌐 Oauth2️⃣ 🌌 🍵 💂‍♂ (🤙 "💧").
    * 📚 👫 💧 ☑ 🏗 ✳ 2️⃣.0️⃣ 🤝 🐕‍🦺 (💖 🇺🇸🔍, 👱📔, 👱📔, 📂, ♒️):
        * `implicit`

    security_scopes: SecurityScopes, token: str = Depends(oauth2_scheme)
):
    if security_scopes.scopes:
        authenticate_value = f'Bearer scope="{security_scopes.scope_str}"'
    else:
        authenticate_value = "Bearer"
    credentials_exception = HTTPException(
        status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
        detail="Could not validate credentials",
        headers={"WWW-Authenticate": authenticate_value},
    )
    try:

```Python hl_lines="55-64  67-70  88"
{!> ../../docs_src/security/tutorial003_py310.py!}
```

////

/// info

🌖 🎚 `WWW-Authenticate` ⏮️ 💲 `Bearer` 👥 🛬 📥 🍕 🔌.

🙆 🇺🇸🔍 (❌) 👔 📟 4️⃣0️⃣1️⃣ "⛔" 🤔 📨 `WWW-Authenticate` 🎚.

💼 📨 🤝 (👆 💼), 💲 👈 🎚 🔜 `Bearer`.

👆 💪 🤙 🚶 👈 ➕ 🎚 & ⚫️ 🔜 👷.

✋️ ⚫️ 🚚 📥 🛠️ ⏮️ 🔧.

, 📤 5️⃣📆 🧰 👈 ⌛ & ⚙️ ⚫️ (🔜 ⚖️ 🔮) & 👈 💪 ⚠ 👆 ⚖️ 👆 👩‍💻, 🔜 ⚖️ 🔮.

    return current_user


client = TestClient(app)


def test_security_oauth2():
    response = client.get("/users/me", headers={"Authorization": "Bearer footokenbar"})
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"username": "Bearer footokenbar"}


def test_security_oauth2_password_other_header():
    response = client.get("/users/me", headers={"Authorization": "Other footokenbar"})

    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"msg": "Create an account first"}


def test_token():
    response = client.get("/items", headers={"Authorization": "Bearer testtoken"})
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"token": "testtoken"}


def test_incorrect_token():