* this client silently recovers from the following problems:
     *
     * * **Unreachable IP addresses.** If the URL's host has multiple IP addresses,
     *   failure to reach any individual IP address doesn't fail the overall request. This can
     *   increase availability of multi-homed services.
     *
     * * **Stale pooled connections.** The [ConnectionPool] reuses sockets

    /**
     * Associates {@code key} with {@code value} in the built map. Duplicate keys, according to the
     * comparator (which might be the keys' natural order), are not allowed, and will cause {@link
     * #build} to fail.
     */
    @CanIgnoreReturnValue
    @Override
    public Builder<K, V> put(K key, V value) {
      ensureCapacity(size + 1);
      checkEntryNotNull(key, value);
      keys[size] = key;

Finally, we SHOULD tell our (HBONE) peers we are shutting down.
This can help ensure that clients do not hold onto pooled connections for too long.
This is not strictly required; Ztunnel clients have both keepalives (which will start to fail once the other end is shut down) and pool idle timeouts (which will close the connection when it has had no activity for some period; because the backend is gone, there will be no activity).

   *
   * The deadline to respond to this ping attempts to limit the cost of being wrong. If it is too
   * long, streams created while we await the pong will reuse broken connections and inevitably
   * fail. If it is too short, slow connections will be marked as failed and extra TCP and TLS
   * handshakes will be required.
   *
   * The deadline is currently hardcoded. We may make this configurable in the future!
   */

	if flag == syscall.O_RDONLY {
		// https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/desktop/api/fileapi/nf-fileapi-lockfileex
		//lint:ignore SA4016 Reasons
		lockType = lockFileFailImmediately // Set this to enable shared lock and fail immediately.
	}
	return lockedOpenFile(path, flag, perm, lockType)
}

// LockedOpenFile - initializes a new lock and protects
// the file from concurrent access.

        return sb.toString();
    }

    public Artifact find(Artifact artifact) {
        File artifactFile = new File(getBasedir(), pathOf(artifact));

        // We need to set the file here or the resolver will fail with an NPE, not fully equipped to deal
        // with multiple local repository implementations yet.
        artifact.setFile(artifactFile);

        return artifact;
    }

   * @return the number of exceptions that were suppressed on the expected thrown exception
   */
  private static int runSuppressionFailureTest(CharSource in, CharSink out) {
    try {
      in.copyTo(out);
      fail();
    } catch (IOException expected) {
      return expected.getSuppressed().length;
    }
    throw new AssertionError(); // can't happen
  }

  private static CharSource newNormalCharSource() {

    Exception e = new Exception();

    assertThat(lazyStackTrace(e)).containsExactly((Object[]) e.getStackTrace()).inOrder();

    try {
      lazyStackTrace(e).set(0, null);
      fail();
    } catch (UnsupportedOperationException expected) {
    }

    e.setStackTrace(new StackTraceElement[0]);
    assertThat(lazyStackTrace(e)).isEmpty();
  }

  @J2ktIncompatible

     * - Temporarily change this test:
     * --- Comment out assertEquals.
     * --- System.out.println(input + " " + simplifyPath(input));
     * --- fail(). (If the test were to pass, its output would be hidden.)
     * - Run the test.
     * - Pull the relevant lines of output from the test into a testcases file.
     * - Test the output:

 *
 * <p>This class uses (possibly repeated) invocations of {@link java.lang.System#gc()} to cause
 * finalization to happen. However, a call to {@code System.gc()} is specified to be no more than a
 * hint, so this technique may fail at the whim of the JDK implementation, for example if a user
 * specified the JVM flag {@code -XX:+DisableExplicitGC}. But in practice, it works very well for
 * ordinary tests.
 *