```Python hl_lines="17-18"
{!../../docs_src/response_model/tutorial002.py!}
```

现在，每当浏览器使用一个密码创建用户时，API 都会在响应中返回相同的密码。

在这个案例中，这可能不算是问题，因为用户自己正在发送密码。

但是，如果我们在其他的*路径操作*中使用相同的模型，则可能会将用户的密码发送给每个客户端。

/// danger

永远不要存储用户的明文密码，也不要在响应中发送密码。

///

## 添加输出模型

相反，我们可以创建一个有明文密码的输入模型和一个没有明文密码的输出模型：

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="9  11  16"

  // A list of daemon sets.
  repeated DaemonSet items = 2;
}

// DaemonSetSpec is the specification of a daemon set.
message DaemonSetSpec {
  // A label query over pods that are managed by the daemon set.
  // Must match in order to be controlled.
  // If empty, defaulted to labels on Pod template.
  // More info: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/working-with-objects/labels/#label-selectors

.table-warning:hover {\n  background-color: #ffe8a1;\n}\n\n.table-hover .table-warning:hover > td,\n.table-hover .table-warning:hover > th {\n  background-color: #ffe8a1;\n}\n\n.table-danger,\n.table-danger > th,\n.table-danger > td {\n  background-color: #f5c6cb;\n}\n\n.table-danger th,\n.table-danger td,\n.table-danger thead th,\n.table-danger tbody + tbody {\n  border-color: #ed969e;\n}\n\n.table-hover .table-danger:hover {\n  background-color: #f1b0b7;\n}\n\n.table-hover .table-danger:hover > td,\n.table-hover...

      to the Licensor or its representatives, including but not limited to
      communication on electronic mailing lists, source code control systems,
      and issue tracking systems that are managed by, or on behalf of, the
      Licensor for the purpose of discussing and improving the Work, but
      excluding communication that is conspicuously marked or otherwise

/**
 * Base class for implementing services that can handle {@link #doStart} and {@link #doStop}
 * requests, responding to them with {@link #notifyStarted()} and {@link #notifyStopped()}
 * callbacks. Its subclasses must manage threads manually; consider {@link
 * AbstractExecutionThreadService} if you need only a single execution thread.
 *
 * @author Jesse Wilson
 * @author Luke Sandberg
 * @since 1.0
 */
@GwtIncompatible

- SSE-C is hardly adopted by most widely used applications, applications prefer server to manage the keys via SSE-KMS or SSE-S3.
- MinIO recommends applications to use SSE-KMS, SSE-S3 for simpler, safer and robust encryption mechanism for replicated buckets.

## Explore Further

<img src="/img/tutorial/security/image11.png">

## JWT 令牌作用域

现在，修改令牌*路径操作*，返回请求的作用域。

此处仍然使用 `OAuth2PasswordRequestForm`。它包含类型为**字符串列表**的 `scopes` 属性，且`scopes` 属性中包含要在请求里接收的每个作用域。

这样，返回的 JWT 令牌中就包含了作用域。

/// danger | "危险"

为了简明起见，本例把接收的作用域直接添加到了令牌里。

但在您的应用中，为了安全，应该只把作用域添加到确实需要作用域的用户，或预定义的用户。

///

```Python hl_lines="153"
{!../../docs_src/security/tutorial005.py!}
```

## 在*路径操作*与依赖项中声明作用域

  // evictions by specifying "100%".
  // +optional
  optional k8s.io.apimachinery.pkg.util.intstr.IntOrString minAvailable = 1;

  // Label query over pods whose evictions are managed by the disruption
  // budget.
  // A null selector selects no pods.
  // An empty selector ({}) also selects no pods, which differs from standard behavior of selecting all pods.

# モデル - より詳しく

先ほどの例に続き、複数の関連モデルを持つことが一般的です。

これはユーザーモデルの場合は特にそうです。なぜなら:

* **入力モデル** にはパスワードが必要です。
* **出力モデル**はパスワードをもつべきではありません。
* **データベースモデル**はおそらくハッシュ化されたパスワードが必要になるでしょう。

/// danger | "危険"

ユーザーの平文のパスワードは絶対に保存しないでください。常に認証に利用可能な「安全なハッシュ」を保存してください。

知らない方は、[セキュリティの章](security/simple-oauth2.md#password-hashing){.internal-link target=_blank}で「パスワードハッシュ」とは何かを学ぶことができます。

///

## 複数のモデル

In this case, it might not be a problem, because it's the same user sending the password.

But if we use the same model for another *path operation*, we could be sending our user's passwords to every client.

/// danger

Never store the plain password of a user or send it in a response like this, unless you know all the caveats and you know what you are doing.

///

## Add an output model