}

  public void testToArray() {
    // need explicit type parameter to avoid javac warning!?
    List<Short> none = Arrays.<Short>asList();
    assertThat(Shorts.toArray(none)).isEqualTo(EMPTY);

    List<Short> one = Arrays.asList((short) 1);
    assertThat(Shorts.toArray(one)).isEqualTo(ARRAY1);

    short[] array = {(short) 0, (short) 1, (short) 3};

`Optional[Something]` es realmente un atajo para `Union[Something, None]`, son equivalentes.

Esto también significa que en Python 3.10, puedes usar `Something | None`:

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="1"
{!> ../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial009_py310.py!}
```

استفاده از `Optional[str]` به جای فقط `str` به ویرایشگر کمک می‌کنه خطاهایی که ممکنه فکر کنی یه مقدار همیشه `str` هست رو پیدا کنه، در حالی که می‌تونه `None` هم باشه.

`Optional[Something]` در واقع میان‌بر برای `Union[Something, None]` هست، این دو تا معادلن.

یعنی توی پایتون 3.10، می‌تونی از `Something | None` استفاده کنی:

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="1"
{!> ../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial009_py310.py!}
```

        "lib/gcc/arm-rpi-linux-gnueabihf/**",
        "include/**",
    ]),
)

filegroup(
    name = "aarch64_compiler_pieces",
    srcs = glob([
        "aarch64-none-linux-gnu/**",
        "libexec/**",
        "lib/gcc/aarch64-none-linux-gnu/**",
        "include/**",
    ]),
)

filegroup(
    name = "compiler_components",
    srcs = [
        ":ar",
        ":as",
        ":gcc",

`Optional[EenType]` is eigenlijk een snelkoppeling voor `Union[EenType, None]`, ze zijn equivalent.

Dit betekent ook dat je in Python 3.10 `EenType | None` kunt gebruiken:

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="1"
{!> ../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial009_py310.py!}

 * java.util.concurrent}, {@code java.util.regex}, {@code com.google.common.base}, {@code
 * com.google.common.collect} and {@code com.google.common.primitives}. In addition, if the type
 * exposes at least one public static final constant of the same type, one of the constants will be
 * used; or if the class exposes a public parameter-less constructor then it will be "new"d and
 * returned.
 *

```sh
firewall-cmd --get-active-zones
```

This command gets the active zone(s). Now, apply port rules to the relevant zones returned above. For example if the zone is `public`, use

```sh
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=9000/tcp --permanent
```

> [!NOTE]

</div>

Esto significa que **siempre tendrá un valor**, solo que a veces el valor podría ser `None` (o `null` en JSON).

Eso significa que, los clientes que usan tu API no tienen que comprobar si el valor existe o no, pueden **asumir que el campo siempre estará allí**, pero solo que en algunos casos tendrá el valor por defecto de `None`.

La forma de describir esto en OpenAPI es marcar ese campo como **requerido**, porque siempre estará allí.

  public void testOf() {
    assertMapEquals(ImmutableMap.of("one", 1), "one", 1);
    assertMapEquals(ImmutableMap.of("one", 1, "two", 2), "one", 1, "two", 2);
    assertMapEquals(
        ImmutableMap.of("one", 1, "two", 2, "three", 3), "one", 1, "two", 2, "three", 3);
    assertMapEquals(
        ImmutableMap.of("one", 1, "two", 2, "three", 3, "four", 4),
        "one",
        1,
        "two",
        2,
        "three",

        String result = crawlJob.execute();

        assertNotNull(result);
        assertTrue(result.contains("Web  Config Id: web1"));
        assertTrue(result.contains("File Config Id: NONE"));
        assertTrue(result.contains("Data Config Id: data1"));
    }

    // Test getRunningJobCount method
    public void test_getRunningJobCount() {
        // Skip this test - requires complex DB setup