O manipulador de exceções receberá um `Request` e a exceção.

{* ../../docs_src/handling_errors/tutorial004_py39.py hl[2,14:19] *}

Se você for ao `/items/foo`, em vez de receber o JSON padrão com o erro:

```JSON
{
    "detail": [
        {
            "loc": [
                "path",

El manejador de excepciones recibirá un `Request` y la excepción.

{* ../../docs_src/handling_errors/tutorial004_py39.py hl[2,14:19] *}

Ahora, si vas a `/items/foo`, en lugar de obtener el error JSON por defecto con:

```JSON
{
    "detail": [
        {
            "loc": [
                "path",

from docs_src.app_testing.tutorial004_py39 import test_read_items


def test_main():

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from docs_src.metadata.tutorial004_py39 import app

client = TestClient(app)


def test_path_operations():
    response = client.get("/items/")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    response = client.get("/users/")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text


def test_openapi_schema():
    response = client.get("/openapi.json")

[tool.ruff.lint.per-file-ignores]
"__init__.py" = ["F401"]
"docs_src/dependencies/tutorial007_py39.py" = ["F821"]
"docs_src/dependencies/tutorial008_py39.py" = ["F821"]
"docs_src/dependencies/tutorial009_py39.py" = ["F821"]
"docs_src/dependencies/tutorial010_py39.py" = ["F821"]
"docs_src/custom_response/tutorial007_py39.py" = ["B007"]
"docs_src/dataclasses/tutorial003_py39.py" = ["I001"]

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from inline_snapshot import snapshot

from ...utils import needs_py310


@pytest.fixture(
    name="client",
    params=[
        pytest.param("tutorial004_py39"),
        pytest.param("tutorial004_py310", marks=needs_py310),
    ],
)
def get_client(request: pytest.FixtureRequest):
    mod = importlib.import_module(f"docs_src.response_model.{request.param}")

    client = TestClient(mod.app)

        pytest.param("tutorial004_py39"),
        pytest.param("tutorial004_py310", marks=needs_py310),
        pytest.param("tutorial004_an_py39"),
        pytest.param("tutorial004_an_py310", marks=needs_py310),
    ],
)
def get_client(request: pytest.FixtureRequest):
    mod = importlib.import_module(f"docs_src.dependencies.{request.param}")

    client = TestClient(mod.app)

import importlib

import pytest
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient


@pytest.fixture(
    name="client",
    params=[
        pytest.param("tutorial004_py39"),
    ],
)
def get_client(request: pytest.FixtureRequest):
    mod = importlib.import_module(f"docs_src.extra_models.{request.param}")

    client = TestClient(mod.app)
    return client


def test_get_items(client: TestClient):

{* ../../docs_src/response_directly/tutorial002_py39.py hl[1,18] *}

### `HTMLResponse` { #htmlresponse }

Принимает текст или байты и возвращает HTML-ответ, как описано выше.

### `PlainTextResponse` { #plaintextresponse }

Принимает текст или байты и возвращает ответ в виде простого текста.

{* ../../docs_src/custom_response/tutorial005_py39.py hl[2,7,9] *}

### `JSONResponse` { #jsonresponse }

{* ../../docs_src/path_params/tutorial005_py39.py hl[17] *}

#### *Enumerations-Wert* erhalten { #get-the-enumeration-value }

Den tatsächlichen Wert (in diesem Fall ein `str`) erhalten Sie via `model_name.value`, oder generell, `your_enum_member.value`:

{* ../../docs_src/path_params/tutorial005_py39.py hl[20] *}

/// tip | Tipp