destIndex = sizeNeeded;
    }
    return new String(dest, 0, destIndex);
  }

  /**
   * Helper method to grow the character buffer as needed, this only happens once in a while so it's
   * ok if it's in a method call. If the index passed in is 0 then no copying will be done.
   */
  private static char[] growBuffer(char[] dest, int index, int size) {

   * WritableByteChannel)}:
   *
   * <ol>
   *   <li>Use sendfile(2) or equivalent. Requires that both the input channel and the output
   *       channel have their own file descriptors. Generally this only happens when both channels
   *       are files or sockets. This performs zero copies - the bytes never enter userspace.
   *   <li>Use mmap(2) or equivalent. Requires that either the input channel or the output channel

  private interface ChainingCalls {
    // A method that is defined to 'return this'
    @CanIgnoreReturnValue
    ChainingCalls chainingCall();

    // A method that just happens to return a ChainingCalls object
    ChainingCalls nonChainingCall();
  }

  private static class ForwardingChainingCalls implements ChainingCalls {
    final ChainingCalls delegate;

        // Test with an unrecognized field in the ticket
        // Note: In the actual implementation, field 99 would come after mandatory fields,
        // so decryption happens first. We test with a mocked successful decryption.
        byte[] token = createTestTicketBytes(new BigInteger(KerberosConstants.KERBEROS_VERSION), SERVER_REALM, SERVER_PRINCIPAL_NAME,

        String actualPath = rel.getPath();
        assertNotNull(actualPath, "Path should not be null");
        // Based on the test output, the actual path is "/bar" when parsing relative spec "foo/bar"
        // This happens because the URL class parses "foo" as the host and "/bar" as the path
        assertEquals("/bar", actualPath, "Path should be /bar after URL parsing");

You could create an API with a *path operation* that could trigger a request to an *external API* created by someone else (probably the same developer that would be *using* your API).

      cp >>>= 4;
      dest[4] = upperHexDigits[0x8 | (cp & 0x3)];
      cp >>>= 2;
      dest[2] = upperHexDigits[cp & 0x7];
      return dest;
    } else {
      // If this ever happens it is due to bug in UnicodeEscaper, not bad input.
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid unicode character value " + cp);
    }
  }

      if (e.getCause() instanceof IllegalArgumentException) {
        /*
         * IllegalArgumentException is the one unchecked exception that we know is likely to happen
         * (thanks to the checkArgument calls in getAnnotatedMethodsNotCached). If it happens, we'd
         * prefer to propagate an IllegalArgumentException to the caller. However, we don't want to

     *
     * @return the error stream, or null if not set
     */
    @Nullable
    OutputStream stdErr();

    /**
     * Returns {@code true} if this call happens in "embedded" mode, for example by another application that
     * embeds Maven. When running in "embedded" mode, Maven will not try to grab system terminal and will use

    return response;
  }
}
```

A call to `chain.proceed(request)` is a critical part of each interceptor’s implementation. This simple-looking method is where all the HTTP work happens, producing a response to satisfy the request. If `chain.proceed(request)` is being called more than once previous response bodies must be closed.