# Custom Response Classes - File, HTML, Redirect, Streaming, etc.

There are several custom response classes you can use to create an instance and return them directly from your *path operations*.

Read more about it in the [FastAPI docs for Custom Response - HTML, Stream, File, others](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/custom-response/).

You can import them directly from `fastapi.responses`:

```python
from fastapi.responses import (
    FileResponse,

 - **CacheHit**
 - CallEnd
 
### Cache Miss

Under a cache miss the normal request events are seen but an additional event shows the presence of the cache.
Cache Miss will be typical if the item has not been read from the network, is uncacheable, or is past it's 
lifetime based on Response cache headers.

 - CallStart 
 - **CacheMiss**
 - ProxySelectStart
 - ... Standard Events ...
 - CallEnd
        

## Other middlewares { #other-middlewares }

You can later read more about other middlewares in the [Advanced User Guide: Advanced Middleware](../advanced/middleware.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

# Templating - `Jinja2Templates`

You can use the `Jinja2Templates` class to render Jinja templates.

Read more about it in the [FastAPI docs for Templates](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/templates/).

You can import it directly from `fastapi.templating`:

```python
from fastapi.templating import Jinja2Templates
```

```

::: fastapi.UploadFile
    options:
        members:
            - file
            - filename
            - size
            - headers
            - content_type
            - read
            - write
            - seek

name: 'Auto Assign PR to Author'
on:
  pull_request:
    types: [opened]

permissions: {}

jobs:
  add-reviews:
    permissions:
      contents: read  # for kentaro-m/auto-assign-action to fetch config file
      pull-requests: write  # for kentaro-m/auto-assign-action to assign PR reviewers
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:

name: "Conflict detector"
on:
  push:
  pull_request_target:
    types: [synchronize]

jobs:
  main:
    permissions:
      contents: read
      pull-requests: write
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Check if PRs have merge conflicts
        uses: eps1lon/actions-label-merge-conflict@v3
        with:
          dirtyLabel: "conflicts"
          repoToken: "${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}"

# This ensures that previous jobs for the PR are canceled when the PR is
# updated.
concurrency:
  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.head_ref }}
  cancel-in-progress: true

permissions:
  contents: read

jobs:
  release:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - name: Checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Install Helm
        uses: azure/setup-helm@v4

			t.Errorf("Test %d: should fail but it passed", i)
		}
		if err == nil {
			if content := writer.Bytes(); !bytes.Equal(content, data[test.offset:test.offset+test.length]) {
				t.Errorf("Test %d: read returns wrong file content.", i)
			}
		}

		for i, r := range bitrotReaders {
			if r == nil {
				disks[i] = OfflineDisk
			}
		}
		if err == nil && !test.shouldFail {

// readFrom populates the content of the current file by reading from r.
// The bytes read must match the number of remaining bytes in the current file.
//
// If the current file is sparse and r is an io.ReadSeeker,
// then readFrom uses Seek to skip past holes defined in Header.SparseHoles,
// assuming that skipped regions are all NULs.
// This always reads the last byte to ensure r is the right size.
//