<constraint name="ITEM" within="" contains="" />
        <constraint name="TARGET" within="" contains="" />
      </replaceConfiguration>

#d6d8db;\n}\n\n.list-group-item-secondary.list-group-item-action:hover, .list-group-item-secondary.list-group-item-action:focus {\n  color: #383d41;\n  background-color: #c8cbcf;\n}\n\n.list-group-item-secondary.list-group-item-action.active {\n  color: #fff;\n  background-color: #383d41;\n  border-color: #383d41;\n}\n\n.list-group-item-success {\n  color: #155724;\n  background-color: #c3e6cb;\n}\n\n.list-group-item-success.list-group-item-action:hover, .list-group-item-success.list-group-item-action:focus {\n...

        raise InternalError(
            f"The portal gun is too dangerous to be owned by {username}"
        )
    if item_id != "plumbus":
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=404, detail="Item not found, there's only a plumbus here"
        )

			format:     TABULAR,
			items:      []SecretItem{},
			expected:   []string{},
			unexpected: secretItemColumns,
		},
		{
			name:   "test tabular output with a single secret item",
			format: TABULAR,
			items: []SecretItem{
				{
					Name:        "olinger",
					Data:        "certdata",
					Source:      "source",
					Destination: "destination",
					SecretMeta: SecretMeta{

    return client


def test_get_no_item(client: TestClient):
    response = client.get("/items/foo")
    assert response.status_code == 404, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"detail": "Item not found, there's only a plumbus here"}


def test_get(client: TestClient):
    response = client.get("/items/plumbus")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == "plumbus"

        raise InternalError(
            f"The portal gun is too dangerous to be owned by {username}"
        )
    if item_id != "plumbus":
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=404, detail="Item not found, there's only a plumbus here"
        )

          mapEntry("five", collectionOf(5)));
    }

    // javac7 can't infer the type parameters correctly in samples()
    private static Collection<Integer> collectionOf(int item) {
      return ImmutableSet.of(item);
    }

    @Override
    public Map<String, Collection<Integer>> create(Object... elements) {
      ImmutableMap.Builder<String, Integer> builder = ImmutableMap.builder();

from fastapi import FastAPI, Query
from typing_extensions import Annotated

app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/items/")
async def read_items(
    q: Annotated[
        Union[str, None],
        Query(
            alias="item-query",
            title="Query string",
            description="Query string for the items to search in the database that have a good match",
            min_length=3,
            max_length=50,

* Ihnen die erhaltenen Daten im Parameter `item` übergeben.
    * Da Sie diesen in der Funktion als vom Typ `Item` deklariert haben, erhalten Sie die ganze Editor-Unterstützung (Autovervollständigung, usw.) für alle Attribute und deren Typen.

```Python hl_lines="18"
{!> ../../docs_src/body/tutorial001.py!}
```

////

……此处，请求体参数的类型为 `Item` 模型。

## 结论

仅使用 Python 类型声明，**FastAPI** 就可以：

* 以 JSON 形式读取请求体
* （在必要时）把请求体转换为对应的类型
* 校验数据：
    * 数据无效时返回错误信息，并指出错误数据的确切位置和内容
* 把接收的数据赋值给参数 `item`
    * 把函数中请求体参数的类型声明为 `Item`，还能获得代码补全等编辑器支持
* 为模型生成 <a href="https://json-schema.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">JSON Schema</a>，在项目中所需的位置使用