assertNull(exception.getMessage());
        assertNull(exception.getCause());
    }

    @Test
    public void testConstructorWithNullMessageAndCause() {
        IOException cause = new IOException("IO error");
        CurlException exception = new CurlException(null, cause);

        assertNull(exception.getMessage());
        assertSame(cause, exception.getCause());
    }

    @Test

        // Expect the message to be set correctly and cause to be null
        assertEquals(errorMessage, e.getMessage());
        assertNull(e.getCause());
    }

    /**
     * Test the constructor with a cause.
     */
    @Test
    void testCauseConstructor() {
        Throwable cause = new RuntimeException("Root cause");
        PACDecodingException e = new PACDecodingException(cause);

        // Arrange - use a real cause so message is derived from cause.toString()
        Throwable cause = new IllegalStateException("proto mismatch");
        String expectedMessage = cause.toString();

        // Act
        SMBProtocolDowngradeException ex = new SMBProtocolDowngradeException(cause);

        // Assert - cause preserved, message derived from cause
        assertSame(cause, ex.getCause());

        assertEquals(0, exception.getErrorCode(), "Error code should be 0 for message and cause constructor.");
        assertEquals(message, exception.getMessage(), "Message should match the input.");
        assertEquals(cause, exception.getCause(), "Cause should match the input.");
        assertEquals(cause, exception.getRootCause(), "getRootCause() should return the same cause as getCause().");
    }

    /**

                haveAttributes = false;

                // This seems to be the only way to obtain a reliable (with respect to locking) file size here
                // It is more critical than other attributes because append mode depends on it.
                // We do only really care if we open for writing and not shared for writing
                // otherwise there are no guarantees anyway, but this stuff is legacy anyways.

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should create exception with cause")
    void testCreationWithCause() {
        // Given
        Exception cause = new RuntimeException("Original error");

        // When
        exception = new SmbOperationException(SmbOperationException.ErrorCode.CONNECTION_FAILED, "Failed to connect", cause);

        // Then
        assertEquals(cause, exception.getCause());

    /**
     * Constructs a new exception with the specified detail message and cause.
     *
     * @param message the detail message
     * @param cause the cause (which is saved for later retrieval by the {@link Throwable#getCause()} method)
     */
    public ExecutionTimeoutException(final String message, final Throwable cause) {
        super(message, cause);
    }

    /**

     *
     * @param cause The cause (which is saved for later retrieval by the
     *        {@link #getCause()} method).  (A {@code null} value is
     *        permitted, and indicates that the cause is nonexistent or
     *        unknown.)
     */
    public CrawlerSystemException(final Throwable cause) {
        super(cause);
    }

    /**

     *
     * @param cause The cause (which is saved for later retrieval by the {@link #getCause()} method).
     *              (A {@code null} value is permitted, and indicates that the cause is nonexistent or unknown.)
     */
    public ExtractException(final Throwable cause) {
        super(cause);
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a new ExtractException with the specified detail message,

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