- Fixed a bug that caused duplicate validation when updating `Role` and `RoleBinding` resources. ([#132550](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/132550), [@gavinkflam](https://github.com/gavinkflam))

   * population, this is an estimator of the population standard deviation of the population which
   * is less biased than {@link #populationStandardDeviation()} (the unbiased estimator depends on
   * the distribution). The count must be greater than one.
   *
   * <p>This is not guaranteed to return zero when the dataset consists of the same value multiple

  /**
   * Returns a {@link Collector} that accumulates elements into an {@code ImmutableListMultimap}
   * whose keys and values are the result of applying the provided mapping functions to the input
   * elements.
   *
   * <p>For streams with defined encounter order (as defined in the Ordering section of the {@link
   * java.util.stream} Javadoc), that order is preserved, but entries are <a

    assume().that(graphIsMutable()).isTrue();
    assume().that(graph.allowsSelfLoops()).isFalse();

    IllegalArgumentException e =
        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> putEdge(N1, N1));
    assertThat(e).hasMessageThat().contains(ERROR_SELF_LOOP);
  }

  @Test
  public void putEdge_allowsSelfLoops() {
    assume().that(graphIsMutable()).isTrue();

    assertThat(cache.remove("a")).isTrue()
    a.setString(1, "a2")
    a.commit()
    assertAbsent("a")
  }

  /**
   * Each read sees a snapshot of the file at the time read was called. This means that two reads of
   * the same key can see different data.
   */
  @Test
  fun readAndWriteOverlapsMaintainConsistency() {
    Assumptions.assumeFalse(windows) // Can't edit while a read is in progress.

    assertThat(e).hasMessageThat().contains(ERROR_REUSE_EDGE);
  }

  @Test
  public void addEdge_parallelSelfLoopEdge_notAllowed() {
    assume().that(graphIsMutable()).isTrue();
    assume().that(network.allowsSelfLoops()).isTrue();
    assume().that(network.allowsParallelEdges()).isFalse();

    addEdge(N1, N1, E11);
    IllegalArgumentException e =
        assertThrows(

      suite.addTest(
          suiteForBytes(
              slicedLongMaxValue, bytes, name + ".slice[long, Long.MAX_VALUE]", desc, false));

      // test a slice() of the ByteSource starting at an offset greater than its size
      ByteSourceFactory slicedOffsetPastEnd =
          SourceSinkFactories.asSlicedByteSourceFactory(
              factory, expected.length + 2, expected.length + 10);
      suite.addTest(

    return result
  }

  internal fun equalsNonHost(that: Address): Boolean =
    this.dns == that.dns &&
      this.proxyAuthenticator == that.proxyAuthenticator &&
      this.protocols == that.protocols &&
      this.connectionSpecs == that.connectionSpecs &&
      this.proxySelector == that.proxySelector &&
      this.proxy == that.proxy &&
      this.sslSocketFactory == that.sslSocketFactory &&

import com.google.errorprone.annotations.CanIgnoreReturnValue;
import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * Static convenience methods that serve the same purpose as Java language <a
 * href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/guides/language/assert.html">assertions</a>,
 * except that they are always enabled. These methods should be used instead of Java assertions
 * whenever there is a chance the check may fail "in real life". Example:

    assertThat(e).hasMessageThat().contains(ERROR_REUSE_EDGE);
  }

  @Test
  public void addEdge_parallelSelfLoopEdge_notAllowed() {
    assume().that(graphIsMutable()).isTrue();
    assume().that(network.allowsSelfLoops()).isTrue();
    assume().that(network.allowsParallelEdges()).isFalse();

    addEdge(N1, N1, E11);
    IllegalArgumentException e =
        assertThrows(