[[TestingFrameworkCheatsheet]]
= Testing

[partintro]

Elasticsearch uses jUnit for testing, it also uses randomness in the
tests, that can be set using a seed, the following is a cheatsheet of
options for running the tests for ES.

== Creating packages

To create a distribution without running the tests, simply run the
following:

-----------------------------
./gradlew assemble
-----------------------------

# 測試 { #testing }

多虧了 [Starlette](https://www.starlette.dev/testclient/)，測試 **FastAPI** 應用既簡單又好用。

它是基於 [HTTPX](https://www.python-httpx.org) 打造，而 HTTPX 的設計又參考了 Requests，所以用起來非常熟悉、直覺。

借助它，你可以直接用 [pytest](https://docs.pytest.org/) 來測試 **FastAPI**。

## 使用 `TestClient` { #using-testclient }

/// info

要使用 `TestClient`，請先安裝 [`httpx`](https://www.python-httpx.org)。

請先建立並啟用一個[虛擬環境](../virtual-environments.md)，然後安裝，例如：

```console

# 测试 { #testing }

感谢 [Starlette](https://www.starlette.dev/testclient/)，测试**FastAPI** 应用轻松又愉快。

它基于 [HTTPX](https://www.python-httpx.org)，而HTTPX又是基于Requests设计的，所以很相似且易懂。

有了它，你可以直接与**FastAPI**一起使用 [pytest](https://docs.pytest.org/)。

## 使用 `TestClient` { #using-testclient }

/// info | 信息

要使用 `TestClient`，先要安装 [`httpx`](https://www.python-httpx.org)。

确保你创建并激活一个[虚拟环境](../virtual-environments.md)，然后再安装，例如：

```console

# Testing Dependencies with Overrides { #testing-dependencies-with-overrides }

## Overriding dependencies during testing { #overriding-dependencies-during-testing }

There are some scenarios where you might want to override a dependency during testing.

You don't want the original dependency to run (nor any of the sub-dependencies it might have).

# Тестирование WebSocket { #testing-websockets }

Вы можете использовать тот же `TestClient` для тестирования WebSocket.

Для этого используйте `TestClient` с менеджером контекста `with`, подключаясь к WebSocket:

{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial002_py310.py hl[27:31] *}

/// note | Примечание

Подробности смотрите в документации Starlette по [тестированию WebSocket](https://www.starlette.dev/testclient/#testing-websocket-sessions).

# 測試 WebSocket { #testing-websockets }

你可以使用相同的 `TestClient` 來測試 WebSocket。

為此，你可以在 `with` 陳述式中使用 `TestClient`，連線到該 WebSocket：

{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial002_py310.py hl[27:31] *}

/// note | 注意

想了解更多，請參考 Starlette 的[測試 WebSocket](https://www.starlette.dev/testclient/#testing-websocket-sessions)文件。

<module>
<source path="">
  <!-- Hack to keep collect from hiding collect.testing supersource: -->
  <exclude name="**/testing/**"/>
</source>

<!--
    We used to set this only for packages that had manual supersource. That
    worked everywhere that I know of except for one place: when running the GWT
    util.concurrent tests under Guava.

    The problem is that GWT responds poorly to two .gwt.xml files in the same
    Java package; see

# Тестування WebSocket { #testing-websockets }

Ви можете використовувати той самий `TestClient` для тестування WebSocket.

Для цього використайте `TestClient` в інструкції `with`, підключаючись до WebSocket:

{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial002_py310.py hl[27:31] *}

/// note | Примітка

Докладніше дивіться документацію Starlette щодо [тестування WebSocket](https://www.starlette.dev/testclient/#testing-websocket-sessions).

# Testando WebSockets { #testing-websockets }

Você pode usar o mesmo `TestClient` para testar WebSockets.

Para isso, você utiliza o `TestClient` dentro de uma instrução `with`, conectando com o WebSocket:

{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial002_py310.py hl[27:31] *}

/// note | Nota

Para mais detalhes, confira a documentação do Starlette para [testar WebSockets](https://www.starlette.dev/testclient/#testing-websocket-sessions).

# Testing WebSockets { #testing-websockets }

You can use the same `TestClient` to test WebSockets.

For this, you use the `TestClient` in a `with` statement, connecting to the WebSocket:

{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial002_py310.py hl[27:31] *}

/// note

For more details, check Starlette's documentation for [testing WebSockets](https://www.starlette.dev/testclient/#testing-websocket-sessions).