size: Annotated[Union[int, None], Body()] = None,
):
    if item_id in items:
        item = items[item_id]
        item["name"] = name
        item["size"] = size
        return item
    else:
        item = {"name": name, "size": size}
        items[item_id] = item

### Dependency Injection

FastAPI includes an extremely easy to use, but extremely powerful <abbr title='also known as "components", "resources", "services", "providers"'><strong>Dependency Injection</strong></abbr> system.

* Even dependencies can have dependencies, creating a hierarchy or **"graph" of dependencies**.
* All **automatically handled** by the framework.

                    "title": "Body_update_item_items__item_id__put",
                    "required": ["item", "user", "importance"],
                    "type": "object",
                    "properties": {
                        "item": {"$ref": "#/components/schemas/Item"},
                        "user": {"$ref": "#/components/schemas/User"},

}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}", response_model=Item)
async def read_item(item_id: str):
    return items[item_id]


@app.patch("/items/{item_id}", response_model=Item)
async def update_item(item_id: str, item: Item):
    stored_item_data = items[item_id]
    stored_item_model = Item(**stored_item_data)
    update_data = item.dict(exclude_unset=True)
    updated_item = stored_item_model.copy(update=update_data)

from typing_extensions import Annotated

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: Union[str, None] = None
    price: float
    tax: Union[float, None] = None


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def update_item(
    *,
    item_id: int,
    item: Annotated[
        Item,
        Body(
            openapi_examples={
                "normal": {

from fastapi import Body, FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    description: str | None = None
    price: float
    tax: float | None = None


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
async def update_item(
    *,
    item_id: int,
    item: Item = Body(
        openapi_examples={
            "normal": {
                "summary": "A normal example",

									<c:forEach var="item" varStatus="s" items="${popularWords}">
										<c:if test="${s.index < 3}">
											<la:link
												href="/search?q=${f:u(item)}${fe:facetQuery()}${fe:geoQuery()}">${f:h(item)}</la:link>
										</c:if>
										<c:if test="${3 <= s.index}">
											<la:link styleClass="d-none d-sm-inline"

    if item_id not in items:
        raise StarletteHTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Item not found")
    return {"item": items[item_id]}


client = TestClient(app)


def test_get_item():
    response = client.get("/items/foo")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"item": "The Foo Wrestlers"}


def test_get_item_not_found():
    response = client.get("/items/bar")

            "/items/{item_id}": {
                "put": {
                    "summary": "Update Item",
                    "operationId": "update_item_items__item_id__put",
                    "parameters": [
                        {
                            "required": True,
                            "schema": {"title": "Item Id", "type": "integer"},
                            "name": "item_id",

            "/items/{item_id}": {
                "put": {
                    "summary": "Update Item",
                    "operationId": "update_item_items__item_id__put",
                    "parameters": [
                        {
                            "required": True,
                            "schema": {"title": "Item Id", "type": "integer"},
                            "name": "item_id",