# 테스팅

<a href="https://www.starlette.io/testclient/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> 덕분에 **FastAPI** 를 테스트하는 일은 쉽고 즐거운 일이 되었습니다.

Starlette는 <a href="https://www.python-httpx.org\" class="external-link" target="_blank">HTTPX</a>를 기반으로 하며, 이는 Requests를 기반으로 설계되었기 때문에 매우 친숙하고 직관적입니다.

이를 사용하면 FastAPI에서 <a href="https://docs.pytest.org/" class="external-link" target="_blank">pytest</a>를 직접 사용할 수 있습니다.

## `TestClient` 사용하기

/// info | 정보

  /**
   * This classloader disallows {@link java.lang.invoke.VarHandle}, which will prevent us from
   * selecting the {@code VarHandleAtomicHelper} strategy.
   */
  private static final ClassLoader NO_VAR_HANDLE =
      getClassLoader(ImmutableSet.of("java.lang.invoke.VarHandle"));

  /**
   * This classloader disallows {@link java.lang.invoke.VarHandle} and {@link sun.misc.Unsafe},

import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * An iterator that does not support {@link #remove}.
 *
 * <p>{@code UnmodifiableIterator} is used primarily in conjunction with implementations of {@link
 * ImmutableCollection}, such as {@link ImmutableList}. You can, however, convert an existing
 * iterator to an {@code UnmodifiableIterator} using {@link Iterators#unmodifiableIterator}.
 *
 * @author Jared Levy
 * @since 2.0
 */

/**
 * Utility for traversing collections of classes and resources on the file system or inside JAR files.
 * <p>
 * Target directories on the file system or JAR files are provided as {@link URL}. The appropriate {@link Traverser} is returned depending on the protocol of the URL, and you can traverse classes and resources by calling its methods.
 * </p>
 * <p>
 * Supported protocols:
 * </p>
 * <ul>

### Проверьте

Откройте браузер по адресу: <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000</a>.

Вы увидите JSON-ответ следующего вида:

```JSON
{"message": "Hello World"}
```

### Интерактивная документация API

Перейдите по адресу: <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs</a>.

/**
 * Utility class for {@link OutputStream} operations.
 *
 * @author shot
 */
public abstract class OutputStreamUtil {

    /**
     * Do not instantiate.
     */
    protected OutputStreamUtil() {
    }

    /**
     * Creates a {@link FileOutputStream}.
     *
     * @param file the file (must not be {@literal null})
     * @return a {@link FileOutputStream} to output to the file

**Typer** adalah saudara kecil FastAPI. Dan ditujukan sebagai **CLI FastAPI**. ⌨️ 🚀

## Prayarat

FastAPI berdiri di pundak raksasa:

* <a href="https://www.starlette.io/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Starlette</a> untuk bagian web.
* <a href="https://docs.pydantic.dev/" class="external-link" target="_blank">Pydantic</a> untuk bagian data.

## Quraşdırma

<div class="termy">

```console
$ pip install fastapi

---> 100%
```

</div>

Tətbiqimizi əlçatan etmək üçün bizə <a href="https://www.uvicorn.org" class="external-link" target="_blank">Uvicorn</a> və ya <a href="https://github.com/pgjones/hypercorn" class="external-link" target="_blank">Hypercorn</a> kimi ASGI server lazımdır.

  @CollectionFeature.Require(SUPPORTS_ADD)
  public void testAddAll_nullCollectionReference() {
    assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> collection.addAll(null));
  }

  /**
   * Returns the {@link Method} instance for {@link #testAddAll_nullUnsupported()} so that tests can
   * suppress it with {@code FeatureSpecificTestSuiteBuilder.suppressing()} until <a
   * href="https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-5045147">JDK-5045147</a> is fixed.

/**
 * Utility class for {@link InputStream}.
 *
 * @author higa
 */
public abstract class InputStreamUtil {

    /**
     * Do not instantiate.
     */
    protected InputStreamUtil() {
    }

    /** Default buffer size. */
    private static final int BUF_SIZE = 4096;

    /**
     * Creates a {@link FileInputStream}.
     *