*/
  @Override
  public void add(long x) {
    Cell[] as;
    long b, v;
    int[] hc;
    Cell a;
    int n;
    if ((as = cells) != null || !casBase(b = base, b + x)) {
      boolean uncontended = true;
      if ((hc = threadHashCode.get()) == null
          || as == null
          || (n = as.length) < 1
          || (a = as[(n - 1) & hc[0]]) == null

 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

from contextlib import asynccontextmanager as asynccontextmanager
from typing import AsyncGenerator, ContextManager, TypeVar

import anyio
from anyio import CapacityLimiter
from starlette.concurrency import iterate_in_threadpool as iterate_in_threadpool  # noqa
from starlette.concurrency import run_in_threadpool as run_in_threadpool  # noqa
from starlette.concurrency import (  # noqa
    run_until_first_complete as run_until_first_complete,
)

```Python hl_lines="3"
{!> ../../docs_src/header_params/tutorial001.py!}
```

////

## Declare `Header` parameters

Then declare the header parameters using the same structure as with `Path`, `Query` and `Cookie`.

You can define the default value as well as all the extra validation or annotation parameters:

//// tab | Python 3.10+

```Python hl_lines="9"
{!> ../../docs_src/header_params/tutorial001_an_py310.py!}
```

////

 * encoding} may be viewed as a {@code CharSource} using {@link ByteSource#asCharSource(Charset)}.
 *
 * <p><b>Note:</b> In general, {@code CharSource} is intended to be used for "file-like" sources
 * that provide readers that are:
 *
 * <ul>
 *   <li><b>Finite:</b> Many operations, such as {@link #length()} and {@link #read()}, will either

  }

  /**
   * Returns an {@code UnsignedInteger} corresponding to a given bit representation. The argument is
   * interpreted as an unsigned 32-bit value. Specifically, the sign bit of {@code bits} is
   * interpreted as a normal bit, and all other bits are treated as usual.
   *
   * <p>If the argument is nonnegative, the returned result will be equal to {@code bits},

  }

  /**
   * Returns an {@code UnsignedInteger} corresponding to a given bit representation. The argument is
   * interpreted as an unsigned 32-bit value. Specifically, the sign bit of {@code bits} is
   * interpreted as a normal bit, and all other bits are treated as usual.
   *
   * <p>If the argument is nonnegative, the returned result will be equal to {@code bits},

claims and warranties, and if a court requires any other Contributor to
pay any damages as a result, the Commercial Contributor must pay
those damages.

5. NO WARRANTY

EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH IN THIS AGREEMENT, AND TO THE EXTENT
PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, THE PROGRAM IS PROVIDED ON AN "AS IS"
BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR

	}

	return rulesCopy
}

// Union - returns union with given rules as new rules.
func (rules Rules) Union(rules2 Rules) Rules {
	nrules := rules.Clone()

	for pattern, targetIDSet := range rules2 {
		nrules[pattern] = nrules[pattern].Union(targetIDSet)
	}

	return nrules
}

// Difference - returns difference with given rules as new rules.
func (rules Rules) Difference(rules2 Rules) Rules {

  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") // empty Object[] as E[]
  public static <E extends @Nullable Object> MinimalSet<E> of(E... contents) {
    return ofClassAndContents(Object.class, (E[]) new Object[0], asList(contents));
  }

  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") // empty Object[] as E[]
  public static <E extends @Nullable Object> MinimalSet<E> from(Collection<? extends E> contents) {