import jakarta.servlet.ServletContext;
import jakarta.servlet.ServletException;
import jakarta.servlet.ServletRequest;
import jakarta.servlet.ServletResponse;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * Servlet filter for handling character encoding conversion and URL redirection.
 * This filter processes requests with specific encoding requirements and converts

需要向客户端返回错误提示的场景主要如下：

- 客户端没有执行操作的权限
- 客户端没有访问资源的权限
- 客户端要访问的项目不存在
- 等等 ...

遇到这些情况时，通常要返回 **4XX**（400 至 499）**HTTP 状态码**。

**4XX** 状态码与表示请求成功的 **2XX**（200 至 299） HTTP 状态码类似。

只不过，**4XX** 状态码表示客户端发生的错误。

大家都知道**「404 Not Found」**错误，还有调侃这个错误的笑话吧？

## 使用 `HTTPException`

向客户端返回 HTTP 错误响应，可以使用 `HTTPException`。

### 导入 `HTTPException`

{* ../../docs_src/handling_errors/tutorial001.py hl[1] *}

 * updating and expiring cookies.
 *
 * [rfc_6265_53]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6265#section-5.3
 */
interface CookieJar {
  /**
   * Saves [cookies] from an HTTP response to this store according to this jar's policy.
   *
   * Note that this method may be called a second time for a single HTTP response if the response
   * includes a trailer. For this obscure HTTP feature, [cookies] contains only the trailer's
   * cookies.
   */

// along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

package http

import (
	"context"
	"crypto/tls"
	"errors"
	"log"
	"net"
	"net/http"
	"sync"
	"sync/atomic"
	"time"

	"github.com/dustin/go-humanize"
)

var (
	// GlobalMinIOVersion - is sent in the header to all http targets
	GlobalMinIOVersion string

// along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

package http

import (
	"crypto/tls"
	"fmt"
	"net/http"
	"reflect"
	"testing"

	"github.com/minio/pkg/v3/certs"
)

func TestNewServer(t *testing.T) {
	nonLoopBackIP := getNonLoopBackIP(t)
	handler := http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "Hello, world")
	})

specific language governing permissions and limitations
under the License.
-->

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"
  child.project.url.inherit.append.path="false">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <parent>

specific language governing permissions and limitations
under the License.
-->

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"
  child.project.url.inherit.append.path="false">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>inheritance</groupId>

<div class="termy">

```console
$ fastapi dev main.py

<span style="color: green;">INFO</span>:     Uvicorn running on http://127.0.0.1:8000 (Press CTRL+C to quit)
```

</div>

Abre tu navegador en <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000</a>.

Verás una página simple como:

<img src="/img/tutorial/websockets/image01.png">

después de una autenticación fallida, usaban el código de estado HTTP `403 Forbidden`.

A partir de FastAPI versión `0.122.0`, usan el código de estado HTTP `401 Unauthorized`, más apropiado, y devuelven un `WWW-Authenticate` header adecuado en la response, siguiendo las especificaciones HTTP, <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7235#section-3.1" class="external-link" target="_blank">RFC 7235</a>, <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc9110#name-401-unauthorized" c...

/// check | 확인

즉, 파이썬 타입 선언을 하면 **FastAPI**는 데이터 검증을 합니다.

오류에는 정확히 어느 지점에서 검증을 통과하지 못했는지 명시됩니다.

이는 API와 상호 작용하는 코드를 개발하고 디버깅하는 데 매우 유용합니다.

///

## 문서화