Without a data validation system, you would have to do all the checks by hand, in code.

These features are what Marshmallow was built to provide. It is a great library, and I have used it a lot before.

item_id: int
```

or for a more complex `Item` model:

```Python
item: Item
```

...and with that single declaration you get:

* Editor support, including:
    * Completion.
    * Type checks.
* Validation of data:
    * Automatic and clear errors when the data is invalid.
    * Validation even for deeply nested JSON objects.

	{"(R1, R3)", "(R1, R3)"},
	{"[R0,R1,g,R15", ""}, // Issue 11764 - asm hung parsing ']' missing register lists.
	{"[):[o-FP", ""},     // Issue 12469 - there was no infinite loop for ARM; these are just sanity checks.
	{"[):[R0-FP", ""},
	{"(", ""}, // Issue 12466 - backed up before beginning of line.
}

var ppc64OperandTests = []operandTest{
	{"$((1<<63)-1)", "$9223372036854775807"},
	{"$(-64*1024)", "$-65536"},

type zeroWriter struct{}

func (zeroWriter) Write(b []byte) (int, error) {
	for i, c := range b {
		if c != 0 {
			return i, errWriteHole
		}
	}
	return len(b), nil
}

// ensureEOF checks whether r is at EOF, reporting ErrWriteTooLong if not so.
func ensureEOF(r io.Reader) error {
	n, err := tryReadFull(r, []byte{0})
	switch {
	case n > 0:
		return ErrWriteTooLong
	case err == io.EOF:

     * only under concurrent modification).
     *
     * To access these fields when you know that they are not null, call the pred() and succ()
     * methods, which perform null checks before returning the fields.
     */
    private @Nullable AvlNode<E> pred;
    private @Nullable AvlNode<E> succ;

    AvlNode(@ParametricNullness E elem, int elemCount) {
      checkArgument(elemCount > 0);

   * not present). When the collection delegate in the WrappedCollection is
   * empty, the multimap may contain subsequently added values for that key. To
   * handle that situation, the WrappedCollection checks whether map contains
   * an entry for the provided key, and if so replaces the delegate.
   */

  private transient Map<K, Collection<V>> map;
  private transient int totalSize;

  /**

			t.Errorf("%s: test fs has mode %v; archive header has %v",
				name, entryInfo.Mode(), hdr.FileInfo().Mode())
		}

		switch entryInfo.Mode().Type() {
		case fs.ModeDir:
			// No additional checks necessary.
		case fs.ModeSymlink:
			origtarget := string(fsys[name].Data)
			if hdr.Linkname != origtarget {
				t.Fatalf("test fs has link content %s; archive header %v", origtarget, hdr.Linkname)
			}

     *
     * @param mic
     *            NTLM mic to set (16 bytes)
     */
    public void setMic(final byte[] mic) {
        this.mic = mic;
    }

    /**
     * Checks whether a message integrity code (MIC) should be calculated for this message.
     *
     * @return whether a MIC should be calculated
     */
    public boolean isMICRequired() {
        return this.micRequired;

    // Raising this number slows the worst-case contains behavior, speeds up hashFloodingDetected,
    // and reduces the false-positive probability.
    static final int MAX_RUN_MULTIPLIER = 13;

    /**
     * Checks the whole hash table for poor hash distribution. Takes O(n) in the worst case, O(n /
     * log n) on average.
     *
     * <p>The online hash flooding detecting in RegularSetBuilderImpl.add can detect e.g. many

      for (int i = 0; i < nextBytes.length; i++) {
        resultBytes[i] += nextBytes[i];
      }
    }
    return HashCode.fromBytesNoCopy(resultBytes);
  }

  /** Checks that the passed argument is positive, and ceils it to a multiple of 32. */
  static int checkPositiveAndMakeMultipleOf32(int bits) {
    checkArgument(bits > 0, "Number of bits must be positive");
    return (bits + 31) & ~31;