import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.util.Random;
import org.jspecify.annotations.NullUnmarked;

/**
 * Utilities for benchmarks.
 *
 * <p>In many cases, we wish to vary the order of magnitude of the input as much as we want to vary
 * the input itself, so most methods which generate values use an exponential distribution varying
 * the order of magnitude of the generated values uniformly at random.
 *

    public int available() throws IOException {
      return (int) min(in.available(), left);
    }

    // it's okay to mark even if mark isn't supported, as reset won't work
    @Override
    public synchronized void mark(int readLimit) {
      in.mark(readLimit);
      mark = left;
    }

    @Override
    public int read() throws IOException {
      if (left == 0) {
        return -1;
      }

                        if (hasNext || next != null) {
                            results[index] = false; // Mark as failed if unexpected result
                            return;
                        }
                    }
                    results[index] = true; // Mark as successful
                });
                threads[i].start();
            }

In many cases you might already know the answer for those questions. 🤓

If you are helping a lot of people with their questions, you will become an official [FastAPI Expert](fastapi-people.md#fastapi-experts). 🎉

Just remember, the most important point is: try to be kind. People come with their frustrations and in many cases don't ask in the best way, but try as best as you can to be kind. 🤗

          println("Server: ${response.header("Server")}")
          println("Date: ${response.header("Date")}")
          println("Vary: ${response.headers("Vary")}")
        }
      }
    ```

=== ":material-language-java: Java"
    ```java
      private final OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();

      public void run() throws Exception {

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2021 Square, Inc.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

* There can be **multiple processes** of the **same program** running at the same time.

If you check out the "task manager" or "system monitor" (or similar tools) in your operating system, you will be able to see many of those processes running.

							for _, id := range spec.Names {
								mark(id)
							}
						case *ast.TypeSpec:
							mark(spec.Name)
						}
					}
				}
				return true // look at specs
			case *ast.FuncDecl:
				if isDeprecated(n.Doc) {
					mark(n.Name)
				}
				return false
			case *ast.TypeSpec:
				if isDeprecated(n.Doc) {
					mark(n.Name)
				}

            "p": {"title": "P", "type": "string"},
        },
        "required": ["p"],
        "title": body_model_name,
        "type": "object",
    }


@pytest.mark.parametrize("json", [None, {}])
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    "path",
    ["/required-str", "/model-required-str"],
)
def test_required_str_missing(path: str, json: dict[str, Any] | None):
    client = TestClient(app)

            }
        ]
    )


@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    "path",
    ["/optional-str", "/model-optional-str"],
)
def test_optional_str_missing(path: str):
    client = TestClient(app)
    response = client.get(path)
    assert response.status_code == 200
    assert response.json() == {"p": None}


@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    "path",
    ["/optional-str", "/model-optional-str"],
)