assertEquals(40, bytesWritten);

        // Decode to verify encoding
        FileBasicInfo decoded = new FileBasicInfo();
        decoded.decode(buffer, offset, 36);

        assertEquals(TEST_CREATE_TIME, decoded.getCreateTime());
        assertEquals(TEST_LAST_ACCESS_TIME, decoded.getLastAccessTime());
        assertEquals(TEST_LAST_WRITE_TIME, decoded.getLastWriteTime());

            // Decode
            PreauthIntegrityNegotiateContext decoded = new PreauthIntegrityNegotiateContext();
            int decodedSize = decoded.decode(buffer, 0, encodedSize);

            // Verify
            assertEquals(encodedSize, decodedSize);
            assertArrayEquals(hashAlgos, decoded.getHashAlgos());
            assertArrayEquals(salt, decoded.getSalt());

        buf.reset();
        NdrHyper decoded = new NdrHyper(0);
        decoded.decode(buf);
        assertEquals(original, decoded.value, "Decoded value should match encoded value");
    }

    /**
     * Parameterised test for a selection of edge and typical values.
     */
    @ParameterizedTest(name = "Encode and decode {0}")
    @ValueSource(longs = { 0L, 1L, -1L, Long.MAX_VALUE, Long.MIN_VALUE })

            int decoded = decodedContext.decode(buffer, 0, encoded);

            assertEquals(encoded, decoded);
            assertArrayEquals(originalCiphers, decodedContext.getCiphers());
        }

        @Test
        @DisplayName("Should encode and decode correctly with multiple ciphers")

        assertNotNull("Encoded result should not be null", encoded);
        final byte[] decoded = Base64Util.decode(encoded);
        assertEquals("Decoded should have same length", 1, decoded.length);
        assertEquals("Decoded byte should match", singleByte[0], decoded[0]);
    }

    /**
     * Test encode with two bytes
     *
     * @throws Exception
     */

     *            The encoding scheme. Must not be {@literal null} or empty.
     * @return The decoded string.
     */
    public static String decode(final String s, final String enc) {
        assertArgumentNotEmpty("s", s);
        assertArgumentNotEmpty("enc", enc);

        try {
            return URLDecoder.decode(s, enc);
        } catch (final UnsupportedEncodingException e) {

        ns.encode(buf);

        // Reset buffer to start for decoding
        buf.reset();

        // Prepare a new object to decode into
        NdrShort decoded = new NdrShort(0);
        decoded.decode(buf);
        assertEquals(123, decoded.value, "decoded value should equal original");
    }

    /**
     * Verify that encode invokes NdrBuffer.enc_ndr_short via a mocked
     * (spied) buffer.
     */

        Encdec.enc_uint64le(currentDate.getTime(), buffer, 0);
        long decoded = Encdec.dec_uint64le(buffer, 0);

        // Then
        assertEquals(currentDate.getTime(), decoded, "Encoded and decoded time should match");
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Should encode and decode UUIDs")
    void testUUIDOperations() {
        // Given

  val normalized = normalizeNfc(bufferB.readUtf8())
  bufferA.writeUtf8(normalized)

  // 3. For each label, convert/validate Punycode.
  val decoded = Punycode.decode(bufferA.readUtf8()) ?: return null

  // 4.1 Validate.

  // Must be NFC.
  if (decoded != normalizeNfc(decoded)) return null

  // TODO: Must not begin with a combining mark.
  // TODO: Each character must be 'valid' or 'deviation'. Not mapped.

        // Decode
        FileRenameInformation2 decoded = new FileRenameInformation2();
        int bytesRead = decoded.decode(buffer, 0, bytesWritten);

        // Verify round trip
        assertEquals(bytesWritten, bytesRead);
        assertEquals(original.size(), decoded.size());
        assertEquals(original.getFileInformationLevel(), decoded.getFileInformationLevel());
    }

    @Test