pkg math/rand/v2, func Uint32() uint32 #61716
pkg math/rand/v2, func Uint32N(uint32) uint32 #61716
pkg math/rand/v2, func Uint64() uint64 #61716
pkg math/rand/v2, func Uint64N(uint64) uint64 #61716
pkg math/rand/v2, func UintN(uint) uint #61716
pkg math/rand/v2, method (*ChaCha8) MarshalBinary() ([]uint8, error) #61716
pkg math/rand/v2, method (*ChaCha8) Seed([32]uint8) #61716
pkg math/rand/v2, method (*ChaCha8) Uint64() uint64 #61716

		if valuer, ok := value.(driver.Valuer); ok {
			value, _ = valuer.Value()
		}

		switch v := value.(type) {
		case string:
			results[idx] = v
		case []byte:
			results[idx] = string(v)
		case uint:
			results[idx] = strconv.FormatUint(uint64(v), 10)
		default:
			results[idx] = "nil"
			vv := reflect.ValueOf(v)
			if vv.IsValid() && !vv.IsZero() {
				results[idx] = fmt.Sprint(reflect.Indirect(vv).Interface())

// It may be embedded into your model or you may build your own model without it
//
//	type User struct {
//	  gorm.Model
//	}
type Model struct {
	ID        uint `gorm:"primarykey"`
	CreatedAt time.Time
	UpdatedAt time.Time
	DeletedAt DeletedAt `gorm:"index"`

		ID   int
		Name string
	}{}
	if err := gorm.G[User](DB).Where("name = ?", user.Name).Scan(ctx, &result); err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("failed to scan user, got error: %v", err)
	} else if result.Name != user.Name || uint(result.ID) != user.ID {
		t.Errorf("found invalid user, got %v, expect %v", result, user)
	}

// https://www.awsarchitectureblog.com/2015/03/backoff.html
func exponentialBackoffWait(r *rand.Rand, unit, maxSleep time.Duration) func(uint) time.Duration {
	if unit > time.Hour {
		// Protect against integer overflow
		panic("unit cannot exceed one hour")
	}
	return func(attempt uint) time.Duration {
		if attempt > 16 {
			// Protect against integer overflow
			attempt = 16
		}

)

type Blog struct {
	ID         uint   `gorm:"primary_key"`
	Locale     string `gorm:"primary_key"`
	Subject    string
	Body       string
	Tags       []Tag `gorm:"many2many:blog_tags;"`
	SharedTags []Tag `gorm:"many2many:shared_blog_tags;ForeignKey:id;References:id"`
	LocaleTags []Tag `gorm:"many2many:locale_blog_tags;ForeignKey:id,locale;References:id"`
}

type Tag struct {
	ID     uint   `gorm:"primary_key"`

type Eq struct {
	Column interface{}
	Value  interface{}
}

func (eq Eq) Build(builder Builder) {
	builder.WriteQuoted(eq.Column)

	switch eq.Value.(type) {
	case []string, []int, []int32, []int64, []uint, []uint32, []uint64, []interface{}:
		rv := reflect.ValueOf(eq.Value)
		if rv.Len() == 0 {
			builder.WriteString(" IN (NULL)")
		} else {
			builder.WriteString(" IN (")
			for i := 0; i < rv.Len(); i++ {

package gorm_test

import (
	"context"
	"testing"

	"gorm.io/driver/sqlite"
	"gorm.io/gorm"
)

type withResultUser struct {
	ID   uint
	Name string
}

func TestWithResultIncludesError(t *testing.T) {
	db, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open("file::memory:?cache=shared"), &gorm.Config{})
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("open db failed: %v", err)
	}
	if err := db.AutoMigrate(&withResultUser{}); err != nil {

	if b {
		*t |= other
	}
}

// Mask returns the mask as a uint64.
func (t Mask) Mask() uint64 {
	return uint64(t)
}

// Maskable implementations must return their mask as a 64 bit uint.
type Maskable interface {
	Mask() uint64

	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
)

type Person struct {
	ID        int
	Name      string
	Addresses []Address `gorm:"many2many:person_addresses;"`
	DeletedAt gorm.DeletedAt
}

type Address struct {
	ID   uint
	Name string
}

type PersonAddress struct {
	PersonID  int
	AddressID int
	CreatedAt time.Time
	DeletedAt gorm.DeletedAt
}

func TestOverrideJoinTable(t *testing.T) {