* Returns the first element in {@code iterable} that satisfies the given predicate, or {@code
   * defaultValue} if none found. Note that this can usually be handled more naturally using {@code
   * tryFind(iterable, predicate).or(defaultValue)}.
   *
   * <p><b>{@code Stream} equivalent:</b> {@code
   * stream.filter(predicate).findFirst().orElse(defaultValue)}
   *
   * @since 7.0
   */
  // The signature we really want here is...
  //

     *
     * @param key the parameter key to look up
     * @param defaultValue the default value to return if key is not found or value is null
     * @return the parameter value as a String, or defaultValue if not found
     */
    public String getAsString(final String key, final String defaultValue) {
        final String value = getAsString(key);
        if (value != null) {
            return value;

  return length
}

fun String.toLongOrDefault(defaultValue: Long): Long =
  try {
    toLong()
  } catch (_: NumberFormatException) {
    defaultValue
  }

/**
 * Returns this as a non-negative integer, or 0 if it is negative, or [Int.MAX_VALUE] if it is too
 * large, or [defaultValue] if it cannot be parsed.
 */
internal fun String?.toNonNegativeInt(defaultValue: Int): Int {
  try {

     * @param key parameter key
     * @param defaultValue default value if parameter not found
     * @return parameter value or default value
     */
    private long getParamValue(final Map<String, Long> params, final String key, final long defaultValue) {
        final Long value = params.get(key);
        return value != null ? value : defaultValue;
    }

    /**
     * Delays after processing a URL.
     */

          <version>4.0.0+</version>
          <defaultValue>mail</defaultValue>
          <type>String</type>
          <description>The mechanism used to deliver notifications.</description>
        </field>
        <field>
          <name>sendOnError</name>
          <version>4.0.0+</version>
          <defaultValue>true</defaultValue>
          <type>boolean</type>

   * position}th position or {@code defaultValue} otherwise.
   *
   * @param position position of the element to return
   * @param defaultValue the default value to return if the iterator is empty or if {@code position}
   *     is greater than the number of elements remaining in {@code iterator}
   * @return the element at the specified position in {@code iterator} or {@code defaultValue} if

     * @param key The key of the parameter.
     * @param defaultValue The default value if the parameter is not found.
     * @param clazz The class type to convert the parameter to.
     * @return The parameter value, or the default value if not found.
     */
    protected <T> T getInitParameter(final String key, final T defaultValue, final Class<T> clazz) {
        if (initParamMap != null) {
            try {

                String defaultValue = ce.getAttribute("default-value", null);
                if (value != null || defaultValue != null) {
                    XmlNode e = XmlNode.newInstance(
                            ce.getName(),
                            value,
                            defaultValue != null ? Collections.singletonMap("default-value", defaultValue) : null,
                            null,

  }

  @Override
  public boolean isPresent() {
    return true;
  }

  @Override
  public T get() {
    return reference;
  }

  @Override
  public T or(T defaultValue) {
    checkNotNull(defaultValue, "use Optional.orNull() instead of Optional.or(null)");
    return reference;
  }

  @Override
  public Optional<T> or(Optional<? extends T> secondChoice) {
    checkNotNull(secondChoice);

    return false;
  }

  @Override
  public T get() {
    throw new IllegalStateException("Optional.get() cannot be called on an absent value");
  }

  @Override
  public T or(T defaultValue) {
    return checkNotNull(defaultValue, "use Optional.orNull() instead of Optional.or(null)");
  }

  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") // safe covariant cast
  @Override
  public Optional<T> or(Optional<? extends T> secondChoice) {