## Recap

With what you have seen up to now, you can set up a secure **FastAPI** application using standards like OAuth2 and JWT.

In almost any framework handling the security becomes a rather complex subject quite quickly.

  // it acts on some changes in a ReplicaSet object.
  // +optional
  optional k8s.io.api.core.v1.ObjectReference regarding = 8;

  // related is the optional secondary object for more complex actions. E.g. when regarding object triggers
  // a creation or deletion of related object.
  // +optional
  optional k8s.io.api.core.v1.ObjectReference related = 9;

 *       MoreExecutors.listeningDecorator}.
 *   <li>If you manually call {@link java.util.concurrent.FutureTask#set} or a similar method,
 *       create a {@link SettableFuture} instead. (If your needs are more complex, you may prefer
 *       {@link AbstractFuture}.)
 * </ul>
 *
 * <p><b>Test doubles</b>: If you need a {@code ListenableFuture} for your test, try a {@link

The most common is the implicit flow.

The most secure is the code flow, but it's more complex to implement as it requires more steps. As it is more complex, many providers end up suggesting the implicit flow.

/// note

It's common that each authentication provider names their flows in a different way, to make it part of their brand.

    "C4",  # flake8-comprehensions
    "UP",  # pyupgrade
]
ignore = [
    "E501",  # line too long, handled by black
    "B008",  # do not perform function calls in argument defaults
    "C901",  # too complex
    "W191",  # indentation contains tabs
]

[tool.ruff.lint.per-file-ignores]
"__init__.py" = ["F401"]
"docs_src/dependencies/tutorial007.py" = ["F821"]
"docs_src/dependencies/tutorial008.py" = ["F821"]

//     grad_outputs[1]->Ref();
//     return OkStatus();
//   }
//   ~AddGradientFunction() override {}
// };
//
// GradientFunction* AddRegisterer(const ForwardOperation& op) {
//   // More complex gradient functions can use inputs/attrs etc. from the
//   // forward `op`.
//   return new AddGradientFunction;
// }
//
// Status RegisterGradients(GradientRegistry* registry) {

  // it acts on some changes in a ReplicaSet object.
  // +optional
  optional k8s.io.api.core.v1.ObjectReference regarding = 8;

  // related is the optional secondary object for more complex actions. E.g. when regarding object triggers
  // a creation or deletion of related object.
  // +optional
  optional k8s.io.api.core.v1.ObjectReference related = 9;

  }

  @Override
  public final void clear() {
    backingMap.clear();
    size = 0;
  }

  /**
   * Skeleton of per-entry iterators. We could push this down and win a few bytes, but it's complex
   * enough it's not especially worth it.
   */
  abstract class Itr<T extends @Nullable Object> implements Iterator<T> {
    int entryIndex = backingMap.firstIndex();
    int toRemove = -1;

> What’s the history of this project? It seems to have come from nowhere to awesome in a few weeks [...]

Here's a little bit of that history.

## Alternatives

I have been creating APIs with complex requirements for several years (Machine Learning, distributed systems, asynchronous jobs, NoSQL databases, etc), leading several teams of developers.

As part of that, I needed to investigate, test and use many alternatives.

do exactly this.
</p>

<p>
A read of an array, struct, or complex number
may by implemented as a read of each individual sub-value
(array element, struct field, or real/imaginary component),
in any order.
Similarly, a write of an array, struct, or complex number
may be implemented as a write of each individual sub-value,
in any order.
</p>

<p>