```Python hl_lines="6-7  21-22"
{!../../docs_src/response_directly/tutorial001.py!}
```

/// note | "Technical Details"

You could also use `from starlette.responses import JSONResponse`.

**FastAPI** provides the same `starlette.responses` as `fastapi.responses` just as a convenience for you, the developer. But most of the available responses come directly from Starlette.

///

## Returning a custom `Response`

///

/// note | "Technical Details"

You could also use `from starlette.requests import Request`.

**FastAPI** provides it as a convenience for you, the developer. But it comes directly from Starlette.

///

### Before and after the `response`

You can add code to be run with the `request`,  before any *path operation* receives it.

        });

        TaskProvider<UserGuideTransformTask> dslStandaloneDocbook = tasks.register("dslStandaloneDocbook", UserGuideTransformTask.class, task -> {
            task.getVersion().convention(project.provider(() -> project.getVersion().toString()));
            task.getSourceFile().convention(dslDocbook.flatMap(AssembleDslDocTask::getDestFile));
            task.getLinksFile().convention(dslDocbook.flatMap(AssembleDslDocTask::getLinksFile));

    public static String toHexString ( byte[] data ) {
        return toHexString(data, 0, data.length);
    }


    /**
     * This is the same as {@link jcifs.util.Hexdump#toHexString(int val, int
     * size)} but provides a more practical form when trying to avoid {@link
     * java.lang.String} concatenation and {@link java.lang.StringBuffer}.
     * 
     * @param val
     * @param dst
     * @param dstIndex
     * @param size

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.TreeSet;

/**
 * Provides supporting data for performance notes in the documentation of {@link
 * Ordering#sortedCopy} and {@link Ordering#immutableSortedCopy}, as well as for automated code
 * suggestions.
 *
 */
public class SortedCopyBenchmark {

import org.gradle.api.file.Directory
import org.gradle.api.file.DirectoryProperty
import org.gradle.api.file.FileSystemOperations
import org.gradle.api.logging.Logging
import org.gradle.api.provider.Property
import org.gradle.api.services.BuildService
import org.gradle.api.services.BuildServiceParameters
import org.gradle.api.specs.Spec
import org.gradle.util.GradleVersion
import java.io.File

  // the smallest value of such global default PriorityClasses will be used as the default priority.
  // +optional
  optional bool globalDefault = 3;

  // description is an arbitrary string that usually provides guidelines on
  // when this priority class should be used.
  // +optional
  optional string description = 4;

  // preemptionPolicy is the Policy for preempting pods with lower priority.

    @Override
    public void onRemoval(RemovalNotification<K, V> notification) {
      add(notification);
    }
  }

  /**
   * {@link RemovalListener} that counts each {@link RemovalNotification} it receives, and provides
   * access to the most-recently received one.
   */
  static class CountingRemovalListener<K, V> implements RemovalListener<K, V> {
    private final AtomicInteger count = new AtomicInteger();

import com.google.common.collect.Multimap;
import org.gradle.api.DefaultTask;
import org.gradle.api.NonNullApi;
import org.gradle.api.file.RegularFileProperty;
import org.gradle.api.provider.SetProperty;
import org.gradle.api.tasks.CacheableTask;
import org.gradle.api.tasks.Input;
import org.gradle.api.tasks.InputFile;
import org.gradle.api.tasks.OutputFile;
import org.gradle.api.tasks.PathSensitive;

import com.google.common.annotations.Beta;
import com.google.common.collect.Maps;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.annotation.CheckForNull;

/**
 * This class provides a skeletal implementation of {@link ValueGraph}. It is recommended to extend
 * this class rather than implement {@link ValueGraph} directly.
 *