@CheckForNull
  private static <X> X newFromConstructor(Constructor<X> constructor, Throwable cause) {
    Class<?>[] paramTypes = constructor.getParameterTypes();
    Object[] params = new Object[paramTypes.length];
    for (int i = 0; i < paramTypes.length; i++) {
      Class<?> paramType = paramTypes[i];
      if (paramType.equals(String.class)) {
        params[i] = cause.toString();
      } else if (paramType.equals(Throwable.class)) {

        // this is not too great as it depends on timing/clockskew
        // first we need to obtain a ticket, therefor need valid credentials
        // then we need to wait until the ticket is expired
        int wait = 10 * 1000;
        long princExp = start + ( wait / 2 );
        Subject s = getInitiatorSubject(getTestUser(), getTestUserPassword(), getTestUserDomainRequired(), princExp);

```

////

Die Funktionsparameter werden wie folgt erkannt:

* Wenn der Parameter auch im **Pfad** deklariert wurde, wird er als Pfad-Parameter interpretiert.
* Wenn der Parameter ein **einfacher Typ** ist (wie `int`, `float`, `str`, `bool`, usw.), wird er als **Query**-Parameter interpretiert.
* Wenn der Parameter vom Typ eines **Pydantic-Modells** ist, wird er als Request**body** interpretiert.

/// note | "Hinweis"

```

////

//// tab | Python 3.8+

```Python hl_lines="18"
{!> ../../docs_src/body/tutorial004.py!}
```

////

函数参数按如下规则进行识别：

- **路径**中声明了相同参数的参数，是路径参数
- 类型是（`int`、`float`、`str`、`bool` 等）**单类型**的参数，是**查询**参数
- 类型是 **Pydantic 模型**的参数，是**请求体**

/// note | "笔记"

因为默认值是 `None`， FastAPI 会把 `q` 当作可选参数。

FastAPI 不使用 `Optional[str]` 中的 `Optional`， 但 `Optional` 可以让编辑器提供更好的支持，并检测错误。

```

Os parâmetros da função serão reconhecidos conforme abaixo:

* Se o parâmetro também é declarado na **rota**, será utilizado como um parâmetro de rota.
* Se o parâmetro é de um **tipo único** (como `int`, `float`, `str`, `bool`, etc) será interpretado como um parâmetro de **consulta**.
* Se o parâmetro é declarado como um **modelo Pydantic**, será interpretado como o **corpo** da requisição.

/// note | "Observação"

    assertEquals("20", Strings.repeat(input, 1));
    assertEquals("2020", Strings.repeat(input, 2));
    assertEquals("202020", Strings.repeat(input, 3));

    assertEquals("", Strings.repeat("", 4));

    for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i) {
      assertEquals(2 * i, Strings.repeat(input, i).length());
    }

    assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> Strings.repeat("x", -1));
    assertThrows(

        return closeable.equals(other.closeable)
            && thrown.equals(other.thrown)
            && suppressed.equals(other.suppressed);
      }
      return false;
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
      return Objects.hashCode(closeable, thrown, suppressed);
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
      return MoreObjects.toStringHelper(this)
          .add("closeable", closeable)

          addEncodedQueryParameter(parameterName, newValue)
        }
      }.toString()
    }

    private fun logHeader(
      headers: Headers,
      i: Int,
    ) {
      val value = if (headers.name(i) in headersToRedact) "██" else headers.value(i)
      logger.log(headers.name(i) + ": " + value)
    }

    private fun bodyHasUnknownEncoding(headers: Headers): Boolean {

    )
  }

  class RealBackend(threadFactory: ThreadFactory) : Backend {
    val executor =
      ThreadPoolExecutor(
        // corePoolSize:
        0,
        // maximumPoolSize:
        Int.MAX_VALUE,
        // keepAliveTime:
        60L,
        TimeUnit.SECONDS,
        SynchronousQueue(),
        threadFactory,
      )

    override fun nanoTime() = System.nanoTime()

	"istio.io/istio/pkg/test/util/assert"
	"istio.io/istio/tools/istio-iptables/pkg/constants"
)

func TestMatchesFilter(t *testing.T) {
	makeDetectPod := func(name string, terminationMessage string, exitCode int) *corev1.Pod {
		return makePod(makePodArgs{
			PodName:     name,
			Annotations: map[string]string{"sidecar.istio.io/status": "something"},
			InitContainerStatus: &corev1.ContainerStatus{