* `Optional`
* ...и др.

называются **Generic-типами** или **Generics**.

### Классы как типы

Вы также можете объявить класс как тип переменной.

Допустим, у вас есть класс `Person` с полем `name`:

```Python hl_lines="1-3"
{!../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial010.py!}
```

Тогда вы можете объявить переменную типа `Person`:

```Python hl_lines="6"
{!../../docs_src/python_types/tutorial010.py!}

All of them share the same parameters for additional validation and metadata you have seen.

///

/// note | "Technical Details"

When you import `Query`, `Path` and others from `fastapi`, they are actually functions.

That when called, return instances of classes of the same name.

     * <li>The module path to the child is considered to
     * point at the POM rather than its base directory if the path ends with ".xml" (ignoring case)</li>
     * <li>The name of the child's base directory matches the artifact id of the child.</li>
     * </ul>
     * Note that for the sake of independence from the user
     * environment, the filesystem is intentionally not used for the calculation.</p>

👥 🔜 ⚙️ **FastAPI** 💂‍♂ 🚙 🤚 `username` & `password`.

Oauth2️⃣ ✔ 👈 🕐❔ ⚙️ "🔐 💧" (👈 👥 ⚙️) 👩‍💻/👩‍💻 🔜 📨 `username` & `password` 🏑 📨 💽.

& 🔌 💬 👈 🏑 ✔️ 🌟 💖 👈. `user-name` ⚖️ `email` 🚫🔜 👷.

✋️ 🚫 😟, 👆 💪 🎦 ⚫️ 👆 🎋 👆 🏁 👩‍💻 🕸.

& 👆 💽 🏷 💪 ⚙️ 🙆 🎏 📛 👆 💚.

✋️ 💳 *➡ 🛠️*, 👥 💪 ⚙️ 👉 📛 🔗 ⏮️ 🔌 (& 💪, 🖼, ⚙️ 🛠️ 🛠️ 🧾 ⚙️).

        org.slf4j.Logger l = context.loggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass().getName());
        context.logger = (level, message, error) -> l.atLevel(org.slf4j.event.Level.valueOf(level.name()))
                .setCause(error)
                .log(message);

        return container;
    }

    protected Set<String> collectExportedArtifacts(

Output decrypted to inspect.ad2b43d8.zip
```

        assertArgumentNotNull("rootDir", rootDir);

        File baseDir = rootDir;
        if (baseDirectory != null) {
            for (final String name : baseDirectory.split("/")) {
                baseDir = new File(baseDir, name);
            }
        }
        return baseDir;
    }

      the brackets!)  The text should be enclosed in the appropriate
      comment syntax for the file format. We also recommend that a
      file or class name and description of purpose be included on the
      same "printed page" as the copyright notice for easier
      identification within third-party archives.

   Copyright 2016-2017 The New York Times Company

    public static final String NONE = "none";

    public static final String ITEM_LABEL = "label";

    public static final String ITEM_VALUE = "value";

    public static final String ITEM_NAME = "name";

    public static final String MS932 = "MS932";

    public static final String DEFAULT_CRON_EXPRESSION = "0 0 * * *";

    public static final String DEFAULT_SEARCH_LOG_CRON_EXPRESSION = "* * * * *";

      the brackets!)  The text should be enclosed in the appropriate
      comment syntax for the file format. We also recommend that a
      file or class name and description of purpose be included on the
      same "printed page" as the copyright notice for easier
      identification within third-party archives.

   Copyright 2020 The Kubernetes Authors