Наприклад, у вас може бути файл `main.py` з:

```Python hl_lines="3"
import os

name = os.getenv("MY_NAME", "World")
print(f"Hello {name} from Python")
```

/// tip | Порада

Другий аргумент до [`os.getenv()`](https://docs.python.org/3.8/library/os.html#os.getenv) - це значення за замовчуванням, яке буде повернено.

import okhttp3.internal.url.percentDecode

/**
 * A uniform resource locator (URL) with a scheme of either `http` or `https`. Use this class to
 * compose and decompose Internet addresses. For example, this code will compose and print a URL for
 * Google search:
 *
 * ```java
 * HttpUrl url = new HttpUrl.Builder()
 *     .scheme("https")
 *     .host("www.google.com")
 *     .addPathSegment("search")
 *     .addQueryParameter("q", "polar bears")

- `kubectl get --watch=true` now prints custom resource definitions with custom print columns. ([#76161](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/76161), [@liggitt](https://github.com/liggitt))

```Python
user_dict = user_in.model_dump()
```

nous avons maintenant un `dict` avec les données dans la variable `user_dict` (c'est un `dict` au lieu d'un objet modèle Pydantic).

Et si nous appelons :

```Python
print(user_dict)
```

nous obtiendrions un `dict` Python contenant :

```Python
{
    'username': 'john',
    'password': 'secret',
    'email': '******@****.***',
    'full_name': None,
}
```

- Detailed scheduler scoring result can be printed at verbose level 10. ([#89384](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/89384), [@Huang-Wei](https://github.com/Huang-Wei)) [SIG Scheduling]
- E2e.test can print the list of conformance tests that need to pass for the cluster to be conformant. ([#88924](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/88924), [@dims](https://github.com/dims)) [SIG Architecture and Testing]

Zum Beispiel könnten Sie eine Datei `main.py` haben mit:

```Python hl_lines="3"
import os

name = os.getenv("MY_NAME", "World")
print(f"Hello {name} from Python")
```

/// tip | Tipp

Das zweite Argument von [`os.getenv()`](https://docs.python.org/3.8/library/os.html#os.getenv) ist der Defaultwert, der zurückgegeben wird.

```

就能以如下方式调用：

```Python
user_dict = user_in.model_dump()
```

现在，变量 `user_dict` 中的是包含数据的 `dict`（它是 `dict`，不是 Pydantic 模型对象）。

以如下方式调用：

```Python
print(user_dict)
```

输出的就是 Python `dict`：

```Python
{
    'username': 'john',
    'password': 'secret',
    'email': '******@****.***',
    'full_name': None,
}
```

```python
from typing import Any


def some_function(data: Any):
    print(data)
```

### Generic-типы { #generic-types }

Некоторые типы могут принимать «параметры типов» в квадратных скобках, чтобы определить их внутренние типы. Например, «список строк» объявляется как `list[str]`.

Örneğin, [bir dosyayı okumak için `with` kullanabilirsiniz](https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/inputoutput.html#reading-and-writing-files):

```Python
with open("./somefile.txt") as f:
    contents = f.read()
    print(contents)
```

Temelde `open("./somefile.txt")`, "Context Manager" olarak adlandırılan bir nesne oluşturur.

`with` bloğu bittiğinde, exception olsa bile dosyanın kapatılmasını garanti eder.

user_dict = user_in.model_dump()
```

artık `user_dict` değişkeninde modelin verilerini içeren bir `dict` vardır (Pydantic model nesnesi yerine bir `dict` elde etmiş oluruz).

Ve eğer şunu çağırırsak:

```Python
print(user_dict)
```

şöyle bir Python `dict` elde ederiz:

```Python
{
    'username': 'john',
    'password': 'secret',
    'email': '******@****.***',
    'full_name': None,
}
```