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docs/zh/docs/advanced/events.md

# 事件：启动 - 关闭

**FastAPI** 支持定义在应用启动前，或应用关闭后执行的事件处理器（函数）。

事件函数既可以声明为异步函数（`async def`），也可以声明为普通函数（`def`）。

/// warning | "警告"

**FastAPI** 只执行主应用中的事件处理器，不执行[子应用 - 挂载](sub-applications.md){.internal-link target=_blank}中的事件处理器。

///

## `startup` 事件

使用 `startup` 事件声明 `app` 启动前运行的函数：

```Python hl_lines="8"
{!../../docs_src/events/tutorial001.py!}
```

本例中，`startup` 事件处理器函数为项目数据库（只是**字典**）提供了一些初始值。

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github.com/tiangolo/fastapi

tests/test_tutorial/test_response_model/test_tutorial005_py310.py

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from ...utils import needs_py310


@pytest.fixture(name="client")
def get_client():
    from docs_src.response_model.tutorial005_py310 import app

    client = TestClient(app)
    return client


@needs_py310
def test_read_item_name(client: TestClient):
    response = client.get("/items/bar/name")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text

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github.com/tiangolo/fastapi

tests/test_tutorial/test_schema_extra_example/test_tutorial001_py310_pv1.py

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

from ...utils import needs_py310, needs_pydanticv1


@pytest.fixture(name="client")
def get_client():
    from docs_src.schema_extra_example.tutorial001_py310_pv1 import app

    client = TestClient(app)
    return client


@needs_py310
@needs_pydanticv1
def test_post_body_example(client: TestClient):
    response = client.put(
        "/items/5",
        json={

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github.com/tiangolo/fastapi

tests/test_tutorial/test_header_params/test_tutorial002_py310.py

            200,
            {"strange_header": None},
        ),
    ],
)
def test(path, headers, expected_status, expected_response, client: TestClient):
    response = client.get(path, headers=headers)
    assert response.status_code == expected_status
    assert response.json() == expected_response


@needs_py310
def test_openapi_schema():
    from docs_src.header_params.tutorial002_py310 import app

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github.com/tiangolo/fastapi

tests/test_tutorial/test_request_files/test_tutorial002_an_py39.py

from ...utils import needs_py39


@pytest.fixture(name="app")
def get_app():
    from docs_src.request_files.tutorial002_an_py39 import app

    return app


@pytest.fixture(name="client")
def get_client(app: FastAPI):
    client = TestClient(app)
    return client


@needs_py39
def test_post_form_no_body(client: TestClient):
    response = client.post("/files/")

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github.com/tiangolo/fastapi

docs_src/request_files/tutorial002.py

app = FastAPI()


@app.post("/files/")
async def create_files(files: List[bytes] = File()):
    return {"file_sizes": [len(file) for file in files]}


@app.post("/uploadfiles/")
async def create_upload_files(files: List[UploadFile]):
    return {"filenames": [file.filename for file in files]}


@app.get("/")
async def main():
    content = """
<body>

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github.com/tiangolo/fastapi

docs_src/request_files/tutorial002_an_py39.py

app = FastAPI()


@app.post("/files/")
async def create_files(files: Annotated[list[bytes], File()]):
    return {"file_sizes": [len(file) for file in files]}


@app.post("/uploadfiles/")
async def create_upload_files(files: list[UploadFile]):
    return {"filenames": [file.filename for file in files]}


@app.get("/")
async def main():
    content = """
<body>

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github.com/tiangolo/fastapi

docs_src/extra_models/tutorial001.py


class UserInDB(BaseModel):
    username: str
    hashed_password: str
    email: EmailStr
    full_name: Union[str, None] = None


def fake_password_hasher(raw_password: str):
    return "supersecret" + raw_password


def fake_save_user(user_in: UserIn):
    hashed_password = fake_password_hasher(user_in.password)
    user_in_db = UserInDB(**user_in.dict(), hashed_password=hashed_password)

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github.com/tiangolo/fastapi

tests/test_tutorial/test_query_params_str_validations/test_tutorial014_an.py

from docs_src.query_params_str_validations.tutorial014_an import app

client = TestClient(app)


def test_hidden_query():
    response = client.get("/items?hidden_query=somevalue")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"hidden_query": "somevalue"}


def test_no_hidden_query():
    response = client.get("/items")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text

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github.com/tiangolo/fastapi

tests/test_tutorial/test_custom_docs_ui/test_tutorial001.py

from fastapi.testclient import TestClient


@pytest.fixture(scope="module")
def client():
    static_dir: Path = Path(os.getcwd()) / "static"
    print(static_dir)
    static_dir.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
    from docs_src.custom_docs_ui.tutorial001 import app

    with TestClient(app) as client:
        yield client
    static_dir.rmdir()


def test_swagger_ui_html(client: TestClient):
    response = client.get("/docs")

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