*
 * <p>The Invoker is designed to be flexible, allowing for different implementations
 * that can handle various types of {@link InvokerRequest InvokerRequests}. It also implements
 * {@link AutoCloseable} to ensure proper resource management.</p>
 *
 * @param <R> The specific type of {@link InvokerRequest} this {@code Invoker} can handle, extending {@link InvokerRequest}
 *
 * @since 4.0.0
 */
@Experimental

```

By declaring a *path operation function* parameter with the type being the `Request` **FastAPI** will know to pass the `Request` in that parameter.

/// tip

Note that in this case, we are declaring a path parameter beside the request parameter.

So, the path parameter will be extracted, validated, converted to the specified type and annotated with OpenAPI.

 * includes both natural exceptions such as unreachable servers, as well as synthetic exceptions
 * when responses are of an unexpected type or cannot be decoded.
 *
 * Other exception types cancel the current call:
 *
 *  * For synchronous calls made with [Call.execute], the exception is propagated to the caller.
 *

user  nginx;
worker_processes  auto;

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  4096;
}

http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

        final Class<?> rawType = toType.getRawType();
        if (rawType.isAssignableFrom(String.class)) {
            return text; // compatible type => no conversion needed
        }

        // use temporary Key as quick way to auto-box primitive types into their equivalent object types
        final TypeLiteral<?> boxedType =
                rawType.isPrimitive() ? Key.get(rawType).getTypeLiteral() : toType;

    }
  }

  private static String getTypesString(List<? extends Type> types) {
    List<String> names = transform(types, SIMPLE_NAME_GETTER);
    return Joiner.on(", ").join(names);
  }

  private static final Function<Type, String> SIMPLE_NAME_GETTER =
      new Function<Type, String>() {
        @Override
        public String apply(Type from) {
          if (from instanceof Class) {

            .resolveType(t));
    assertEquals(
        Types.subtypeOf(String.class),
        new TypeResolver()
            .where(
                new TypeCapture<List<T>>() {}.capture(),
                new TypeCapture<List<? extends String>>() {}.capture())
            .resolveType(t));
    assertEquals(
        Types.supertypeOf(String.class),
        new TypeResolver()
            .where(

    }
  }

  private static String getTypesString(List<? extends Type> types) {
    List<String> names = transform(types, SIMPLE_NAME_GETTER);
    return Joiner.on(", ").join(names);
  }

  private static final Function<Type, String> SIMPLE_NAME_GETTER =
      new Function<Type, String>() {
        @Override
        public String apply(Type from) {
          if (from instanceof Class) {

![ReDoc](https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/img/index/index-06-redoc-02.png)

### 更主流的 Python

全部都基于标准的 **Python 3.6 类型**声明（感谢 Pydantic ）。没有新的语法需要学习。只需要标准的 Python 。

如果你需要2分钟来学习如何使用 Python 类型（即使你不使用 FastAPI ），看看这个简短的教程：[Python Types](python-types.md){.internal-link target=_blank}。

编写带有类型标注的标准 Python：

```Python
from datetime import date

from pydantic import BaseModel

# Declare a variable as a str

   * that conversion is safe.
   *
   * <p>This method is intended to help with usages of type parameters that have {@linkplain
   * ParametricNullness parametric nullness}. If a type parameter instead ranges over only non-null
   * types (or if the type is a non-variable type, like {@code String}), then code should almost
   * never use this method, preferring instead to call {@code requireNonNull} so as to benefit from