- 編輯器支援：
    - 自動補全
    - 型別檢查
- 資料驗證：
    - 驗證失敗時自動生成清楚的錯誤訊息
    - 可驗證多層巢狀的 JSON 物件
- <abbr title="也被稱為： 序列化或解析">轉換</abbr>輸入的資料： 轉換來自網路請求到 Python 資料型別。包含以下數據：
    - JSON
    - 路徑參數
    - 查詢參數
    - Cookies
    - 請求標頭
    - 表單
    - 文件
- <abbr title="也被稱為： 序列化或解析">轉換</abbr>輸出的資料： 轉換 Python 資料型別到網路傳輸的 JSON：
    - 轉換 Python 型別 (`str`、 `int`、 `float`、 `bool`、 `list` 等)
    - `datetime` 物件

    response = client.post("/token", data=data)
    content = response.json()
    access_token = content.get("access_token")
    return access_token


def test_login():
    response = client.post("/token", data={"username": "johndoe", "password": "secret"})
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    content = response.json()
    assert "access_token" in content
    assert content["token_type"] == "bearer"

///

### JSON Schema's `examples` field

But then JSON Schema added an <a href="https://json-schema.org/draft/2019-09/json-schema-validation.html#rfc.section.9.5" class="external-link" target="_blank">`examples`</a> field to a new version of the specification.

And then the new OpenAPI 3.1.0 was based on the latest version (JSON Schema 2020-12) that included this new field `examples`.

    assert response.status_code == 200
    assert response.json() == {
        "in": "main-depends",
        "params": {"q": "foo", "skip": 0, "limit": 100},
    }


def test_main_depends_q_foo_skip_100_limit_200():
    response = client.get("/main-depends/?q=foo&skip=100&limit=200")
    assert response.status_code == 200
    assert response.json() == {
        "in": "main-depends",

    assert response.status_code == 200
    assert response.json() == {"foo": "bar"}

    response = client.get("/test1", params={"var": "baz"})
    assert response.status_code == 200
    assert response.json() == {"foo": "baz"}

    response = client.get("/test2")
    assert response.status_code == 200
    assert response.json() == {"foo": "bar"}

    response = client.get("/test2", params={"var": "baz"})

    response = client.put("/items/5?q=bar", json=None)
    assert response.status_code == 200
    assert response.json() == {"item_id": 5, "q": "bar"}


@needs_py310
def test_post_no_body(client: TestClient):
    response = client.put("/items/5", json=None)
    assert response.status_code == 200
    assert response.json() == {"item_id": 5}


@needs_py310
def test_post_id_foo(client: TestClient):

    assert response.status_code == 404
    assert response.json() == {"detail": "Item not found"}


def test_create_item():
    response = client.post(
        "/items/",
        headers={"X-Token": "coneofsilence"},
        json={"id": "foobar", "title": "Foo Bar", "description": "The Foo Barters"},
    )
    assert response.status_code == 200
    assert response.json() == {
        "id": "foobar",
        "title": "Foo Bar",

It doesn't return a large `str` containing the data in JSON format (as a string). It returns a Python standard data structure (e.g. a `dict`) with values and sub-values that are all compatible with JSON.

/// note

A função não retorna um grande `str` contendo os dados no formato JSON (como uma string). Mas sim, retorna uma estrutura de dados padrão do Python (por exemplo, um `dict`) com valores e subvalores compatíveis com JSON.

/// note | "Nota"

                }
            ]
        }
    )


def test_post_body_json():
    response = client.post("/files/", json={"file": "Foo"})
    assert response.status_code == 422, response.text
    assert response.json() == IsDict(
        {
            "detail": [
                {
                    "type": "missing",
                    "loc": ["body", "files"],