* exclusive in descending order.
   *
   * @since 23.1
   */
  public static void sortDescending(char[] array, int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
    checkNotNull(array);
    checkPositionIndexes(fromIndex, toIndex, array.length);
    Arrays.sort(array, fromIndex, toIndex);
    reverse(array, fromIndex, toIndex);
  }

  /**

   * exclusive in descending order.
   *
   * @since 23.1
   */
  public static void sortDescending(short[] array, int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
    checkNotNull(array);
    checkPositionIndexes(fromIndex, toIndex, array.length);
    Arrays.sort(array, fromIndex, toIndex);
    reverse(array, fromIndex, toIndex);
  }

  /**

   * exclusive in descending order.
   *
   * @since 23.1
   */
  public static void sortDescending(short[] array, int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
    checkNotNull(array);
    checkPositionIndexes(fromIndex, toIndex, array.length);
    Arrays.sort(array, fromIndex, toIndex);
    reverse(array, fromIndex, toIndex);
  }

  /**

   * exclusive in descending order.
   *
   * @since 23.1
   */
  public static void sortDescending(char[] array, int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
    checkNotNull(array);
    checkPositionIndexes(fromIndex, toIndex, array.length);
    Arrays.sort(array, fromIndex, toIndex);
    reverse(array, fromIndex, toIndex);
  }

  /**

   *     {@code toIndex > fromIndex}
   * @since 32.0.0
   */
  public static void rotate(float[] array, int distance, int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
    // See Ints.rotate for more details about possible algorithms here.
    checkNotNull(array);
    checkPositionIndexes(fromIndex, toIndex, array.length);
    if (array.length <= 1) {
      return;
    }

    int length = toIndex - fromIndex;

   *     {@code toIndex > fromIndex}
   * @since 32.0.0
   */
  public static void rotate(double[] array, int distance, int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
    // See Ints.rotate for more details about possible algorithms here.
    checkNotNull(array);
    checkPositionIndexes(fromIndex, toIndex, array.length);
    if (array.length <= 1) {
      return;
    }

    int length = toIndex - fromIndex;

   *     {@code toIndex > fromIndex}
   * @since 32.0.0
   */
  public static void rotate(float[] array, int distance, int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
    // See Ints.rotate for more details about possible algorithms here.
    checkNotNull(array);
    checkPositionIndexes(fromIndex, toIndex, array.length);
    if (array.length <= 1) {
      return;
    }

    int length = toIndex - fromIndex;

   * exclusive in descending order.
   *
   * @since 23.1
   */
  public static void sortDescending(int[] array, int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
    checkNotNull(array);
    checkPositionIndexes(fromIndex, toIndex, array.length);
    Arrays.sort(array, fromIndex, toIndex);
    reverse(array, fromIndex, toIndex);
  }

  /**

   *     {@code toIndex > fromIndex}
   * @since 32.0.0
   */
  public static void rotate(double[] array, int distance, int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
    // See Ints.rotate for more details about possible algorithms here.
    checkNotNull(array);
    checkPositionIndexes(fromIndex, toIndex, array.length);
    if (array.length <= 1) {
      return;
    }

    int length = toIndex - fromIndex;

  /**
   * Sorts the array between {@code fromIndex} inclusive and {@code toIndex} exclusive, treating its
   * elements as unsigned 64-bit integers.
   *
   * @since 23.1
   */
  public static void sort(long[] array, int fromIndex, int toIndex) {
    checkNotNull(array);
    checkPositionIndexes(fromIndex, toIndex, array.length);
    for (int i = fromIndex; i < toIndex; i++) {
      array[i] = flip(array[i]);
    }