}
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return binding.toString();
    }

    /**
     * Sends a DCERPC fragment to the remote endpoint
     * @param buf the buffer containing the fragment
     * @param off the offset into the buffer
     * @param length the length of data to send
     * @param isDirect whether to use direct transmission

	endPos := sr.pos + int64(len(b))
	for endPos > sr.pos && err == nil {
		var nf int // Bytes read in fragment
		holeStart, holeEnd := sr.sp[0].Offset, sr.sp[0].endOffset()
		if sr.pos < holeStart { // In a data fragment
			bf := b[:min(int64(len(b)), holeStart-sr.pos)]
			nf, err = tryReadFull(sr.fr, bf)
		} else { // In a hole fragment
			bf := b[:min(int64(len(b)), holeEnd-sr.pos)]
			nf, err = tryReadFull(zeroReader{}, bf)
		}

    }

    @Nested
    @DisplayName("Constants Validation Tests")
    class ConstantsValidationTests {

        @Test
        @DisplayName("All fragment flags should have unique values")
        void testFragmentFlagsUniqueness() {
            // Verify that fragment flags are unique and follow bit pattern
            assertEquals(1, Integer.bitCount(DcerpcConstants.DCERPC_FIRST_FRAG), "DCERPC_FIRST_FRAG should be a single bit");

//
//	var spd sparseDatas = []sparseEntry{
//		{Offset: 2,  Length: 5},  // Data fragment for 2..6
//		{Offset: 18, Length: 3},  // Data fragment for 18..20
//	}
//	var sph sparseHoles = []sparseEntry{
//		{Offset: 0,  Length: 2},  // Hole fragment for 0..1
//		{Offset: 7,  Length: 11}, // Hole fragment for 7..17
//		{Offset: 21, Length: 4},  // Hole fragment for 21..24
//	}
//

 * query as the single string, or as individual name-value parameters. With name-value parameters
 * the values are optional and names may be repeated.
 *
 * ### Fragment
 *
 * The fragment is optional: it can be null, empty, or non-empty. Unlike host, port, path, and
 * query the fragment is not sent to the webserver: it's private to the client.
 *
 * ## Encoding
 *

    assertThat(url.encodedPath, "path").isEqualTo(testData.path)
    assertThat(effectiveQuery, "query").isEqualTo(testData.query)
    assertThat(effectiveFragment, "fragment").isEqualTo(testData.fragment)
  }

  companion object {
    private val HTTP_URL_SCHEMES = listOf("http", "https")
    private val KNOWN_FAILURES =
      listOf(

    /**
     * Receives a DCERPC fragment from the remote endpoint
     * @param buf the buffer to receive the fragment data
     * @return the number of bytes received
     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs during reception
     */
    protected abstract int doReceiveFragment(byte[] buf) throws IOException;

    /**
     * Sends a DCERPC fragment and receives the response in a single operation

        exp = "file://C .doc";
        assertEquals(exp, transformer.decodeUrlAsName(url, true));

        url = "http://example.com/foo/" + encodeUrl("#") + "/@@bar/index.html#fragment?foo=bar";
        exp = "http://example.com/foo/#/@@bar/index.html#fragment?foo=bar";
        assertEquals(exp, transformer.decodeUrlAsName(url, false));
    }

    public void test_getFileName_ok() throws Exception {
        String url, exp;

        ViewHelper.TextFragment fragment = new ViewHelper.TextFragment("prefix", "start", "end", "suffix");
        String urlString = fragment.toURLString();
        assertNotNull(urlString);
        assertTrue(urlString.contains("text="));
        assertTrue(urlString.contains("start"));

        fragment = new ViewHelper.TextFragment(null, "start", null, null);
        urlString = fragment.toURLString();

	endPos := sw.pos + int64(len(b))
	for endPos > sw.pos && err == nil {
		var nf int // Bytes written in fragment
		dataStart, dataEnd := sw.sp[0].Offset, sw.sp[0].endOffset()
		if sw.pos < dataStart { // In a hole fragment
			bf := b[:min(int64(len(b)), dataStart-sw.pos)]
			nf, err = zeroWriter{}.Write(bf)
		} else { // In a data fragment
			bf := b[:min(int64(len(b)), dataEnd-sw.pos)]
			nf, err = sw.fw.Write(bf)
		}
		b = b[nf:]