assertThat(Floats.concat(ARRAY1)).isEqualTo(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Floats.concat(ARRAY1)).isNotSameInstanceAs(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Floats.concat(EMPTY, ARRAY1, EMPTY)).isEqualTo(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Floats.concat(ARRAY1, ARRAY1, ARRAY1)).isEqualTo(new float[] {1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f});
    assertThat(Floats.concat(ARRAY1, ARRAY234)).isEqualTo(new float[] {1.0f, 2.0f, 3.0f, 4.0f});
  }

    assertThat(Floats.concat(ARRAY1)).isEqualTo(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Floats.concat(ARRAY1)).isNotSameInstanceAs(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Floats.concat(EMPTY, ARRAY1, EMPTY)).isEqualTo(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Floats.concat(ARRAY1, ARRAY1, ARRAY1)).isEqualTo(new float[] {1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f});
    assertThat(Floats.concat(ARRAY1, ARRAY234)).isEqualTo(new float[] {1.0f, 2.0f, 3.0f, 4.0f});
  }

    assertThat(Ints.concat(ARRAY1)).isEqualTo(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Ints.concat(ARRAY1)).isNotSameInstanceAs(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Ints.concat(EMPTY, ARRAY1, EMPTY)).isEqualTo(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Ints.concat(ARRAY1, ARRAY1, ARRAY1))
        .isEqualTo(new int[] {(int) 1, (int) 1, (int) 1});
    assertThat(Ints.concat(ARRAY1, ARRAY234))

    assertThat(Chars.concat(ARRAY1)).isEqualTo(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Chars.concat(ARRAY1)).isNotSameInstanceAs(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Chars.concat(EMPTY, ARRAY1, EMPTY)).isEqualTo(ARRAY1);
    assertThat(Chars.concat(ARRAY1, ARRAY1, ARRAY1))
        .isEqualTo(new char[] {(char) 1, (char) 1, (char) 1});
    assertThat(Chars.concat(ARRAY1, ARRAY234))

      }
    }
  }

  // The Arrays.equals(<arraytype>, int, int, <arraytype>, int, int) methods were not added until
  // Java 9. This function is just returns the same result that
  // Arrays.equals(array1, 0, count, array2, 0, count) would. It assumes that both arrays have a
  // length of at least count.
  private static boolean arraysEqual(byte[] array1, byte[] array2, int count) {
    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {

      System.arraycopy(values.array, values.start, array, count, values.length());
      count += values.length();
      return this;
    }

    private void ensureRoomFor(int numberToAdd) {
      int newCount = count + numberToAdd; // TODO(kevinb): check overflow now?
      if (newCount > array.length) {
        array = Arrays.copyOf(array, expandedCapacity(array.length, newCount));
      }
    }

   * b, c}}.
   *
   * @param arrays zero or more {@code boolean} arrays
   * @return a single array containing all the values from the source arrays, in order
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the total number of elements in {@code arrays} does not fit
   *     in an {@code int}
   */
  public static boolean[] concat(boolean[]... arrays) {
    long length = 0;
    for (boolean[] array : arrays) {

   *     in an {@code int}
   */
  public static short[] concat(short[]... arrays) {
    long length = 0;
    for (short[] array : arrays) {
      length += array.length;
    }
    short[] result = new short[checkNoOverflow(length)];
    int pos = 0;
    for (short[] array : arrays) {
      System.arraycopy(array, 0, result, pos, array.length);
      pos += array.length;
    }
    return result;

   *     in an {@code int}
   */
  public static char[] concat(char[]... arrays) {
    long length = 0;
    for (char[] array : arrays) {
      length += array.length;
    }
    char[] result = new char[checkNoOverflow(length)];
    int pos = 0;
    for (char[] array : arrays) {
      System.arraycopy(array, 0, result, pos, array.length);
      pos += array.length;
    }
    return result;
  }

        Arrays.sort(inputs);

        if (id == 0) {
            // create
            newInputs = inputs;
            newOutput = output;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Returns the array of new input character sequences for update operations.
     * Returns a defensive copy to prevent external modification.
     *