## Bodies of arbitrary `dict`s

You can also declare a body as a `dict` with keys of some type and values of some other type.

This way, you don't have to know beforehand what the valid field/attribute names are (as would be the case with Pydantic models).

This would be useful if you want to receive keys that you don't already know.

---

Another useful case is when you want to have keys of another type (e.g., `int`).

   * you override {@link #listIterator()}, you may wish to override {@link #iterator} to forward to
   * this implementation.
   *
   * @since 7.0
   */
  protected Iterator<E> standardIterator() {
    return listIterator();
  }

  /**
   * A sensible default implementation of {@link #listIterator()}, in terms of {@link

# Using the Request Directly

Up to now, you have been declaring the parts of the request that you need with their types.

Taking data from:

* The path as parameters.
* Headers.
* Cookies.
* etc.

And by doing so, **FastAPI** is validating that data, converting it and generating documentation for your API automatically.

But there are situations where you might need to access the `Request` object directly.

If you want to secure your API, there are several better things you can do, for example:

* Make sure you have well defined Pydantic models for your request bodies and responses.

directory (the one containing this README). You can omit the variable if you unpack it into /usr/local/go, or if you rebuild from sources by running all.bash (see doc/install.html). You should also add the Go binary directory $GOROOT/bin to your shell's path. For example, if you extracted the tar file into $HOME/go, you might put the following in your .profile: export GOROOT=$HOME/go export PATH=$PATH:$GOROOT/bin See doc/install.html for more details....

```

</div>

### Check the responses

Now, if you go to the URL with the port for Uvicorn: <a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/app" class="external-link" target="_blank">http://127.0.0.1:8000/app</a>, you will see the normal response:

```JSON
{
    "message": "Hello World",
    "root_path": "/api/v1"
}
```

/// tip

Here I'll show you how to use **Uvicorn** with **worker processes** using the `fastapi` command or the `uvicorn` command directly.

/// info

If you are using containers, for example with Docker or Kubernetes, I'll tell you more about that in the next chapter: [FastAPI in Containers - Docker](docker.md){.internal-link target=_blank}.

///

### Before and after the `response`

You can add code to be run with the `request`,  before any *path operation* receives it.

And also after the `response` is generated, before returning it.

For example, you could add a custom header `X-Process-Time` containing the time in seconds that it took to process the request and generate a response:

```Python hl_lines="10  12-13"

# Body - Fields

The same way you can declare additional validation and metadata in *path operation function* parameters with `Query`, `Path` and `Body`, you can declare validation and metadata inside of Pydantic models using Pydantic's `Field`.

## Import `Field`

First, you have to import it:

{* ../../docs_src/body_fields/tutorial001_an_py310.py hl[4] *}


/// warning

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