}

        static Stream<Arguments> provideFlagCombinations() {
            return Stream.of(Arguments.of(0), Arguments.of(NegTokenInit.DELEGATION), Arguments.of(NegTokenInit.MUTUAL_AUTHENTICATION),
                    Arguments.of(NegTokenInit.DELEGATION | NegTokenInit.MUTUAL_AUTHENTICATION),
                    Arguments.of(NegTokenInit.INTEGRITY | NegTokenInit.CONFIDENTIALITY), Arguments.of(0xFF) // All flags set
            );

                Arguments.of(new byte[] { (byte) 0x0F }, "0f"), Arguments.of(new byte[] { (byte) 0x10 }, "10"),
                Arguments.of(new byte[] { (byte) 0xAB }, "ab"),
                Arguments.of(new byte[] { (byte) 0x7F, (byte) 0x80, (byte) 0xFF }, "7f80ff"));
    }

    // Verifies that toString() formats bytes as lower-case hex with zero-padding
    @ParameterizedTest(name = "toString renders hex for {0}")
    @MethodSource("hexCases")

    }

    private static Stream<Arguments> completionFilterProvider() {
        return Stream.of(Arguments.of(FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_FILE_NAME, "File name changes"),
                Arguments.of(FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_DIR_NAME, "Directory name changes"),
                Arguments.of(FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_ATTRIBUTES, "Attribute changes"), Arguments.of(FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_SIZE, "Size changes"),

    }

    private static Stream<Arguments> provideVersionRanges() {
        return Stream.of(Arguments.of(DialectVersion.SMB202, DialectVersion.SMB202, new int[] { 0x0202 }),
                Arguments.of(DialectVersion.SMB202, DialectVersion.SMB210, new int[] { 0x0202, 0x0210 }),
                Arguments.of(DialectVersion.SMB210, DialectVersion.SMB300, new int[] { 0x0210, 0x0300 }),

                Arguments.of(NbtException.ERR_NAM_SRVC, NbtException.FMT_ERR, "ERR_NAM_SRVC/FMT_ERR: Format ErrorUnknown error code: 1"),
                Arguments.of(NbtException.ERR_NAM_SRVC, NbtException.SRV_ERR, "ERR_NAM_SRVC/Unknown error code: 2"),
                Arguments.of(NbtException.ERR_NAM_SRVC, NbtException.IMP_ERR, "ERR_NAM_SRVC/Unknown error code: 4"),

     */
    static Stream<org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments> validInputs() {
        return Stream.of(org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments.of(0x0001, 0x00000000),
                org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments.of(0xFFFF, 0x12345678),
                org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments.of(-1, -123456));
    }

    @ParameterizedTest
    @MethodSource("validInputs")

class SMBProtocolDowngradeExceptionTest {

    /**
     * Provides messages including edge cases (null and empty) for parameterized testing.
     */
    static Stream<Arguments> messages() {
        return Stream.of(Arguments.of((String) null), Arguments.of(""), Arguments.of("unexpected downgrade"));
    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("Default ctor: null message/cause; toString is class name; type hierarchy")

     * @param args
     *            Array of arguments
     */
    public EmptyArgumentException(final String argName, final String messageCode, final Object[] args) {
        this(argName, messageCode, args, null);
    }

    /**
     * Creates an {@link EmptyArgumentException}.
     *
     * @param argName
     *            Name of the argument
     * @param messageCode
     *            Message code
     * @param args

    class ParameterizedInit {
        static Stream<Arguments> validRanges() {
            byte[] src = new byte[] { 0, 1, 2, 3 };
            return Stream.of(Arguments.of(src, 0, 0, new byte[] {}), Arguments.of(src, 0, 4, new byte[] { 0, 1, 2, 3 }),
                    Arguments.of(src, 1, 2, new byte[] { 1, 2 }), Arguments.of(src, 3, 1, new byte[] { 3 }));
        }

    }

    private static Stream<Arguments> provideFlagCombinations() {
        return Stream.of(Arguments.of(0x0, false), Arguments.of(0x1, true), // DFS
                Arguments.of(0x2, true), // DFS_ROOT
                Arguments.of(0x3, true), // DFS | DFS_ROOT
                Arguments.of(0x8000, false), // ENCRYPT_DATA only
                Arguments.of(0x8001, true), // ENCRYPT_DATA | DFS