}

		readers := []io.Reader{}
		cumulativeSum := int64(0)
		for _, p := range oi.partLengths {
			readers = append(readers, NewDummyDataGen(p, cumulativeSum))
			cumulativeSum += p
		}

		refReader := io.LimitReader(ioutilx.NewSkipReader(io.MultiReader(readers...), off), length)
		if ok, msg := cmpReaders(refReader, rec.Body); !ok {

        server minio7:9001;
        server minio8:9001;
    }

    server {
        listen       9000;
        listen  [::]:9000;
        server_name  localhost;

        # To allow special characters in headers
        ignore_invalid_headers off;
        # Allow any size file to be uploaded.
        # Set to a value such as 1000m; to restrict file size to a specific value
        client_max_body_size 0;

    assert response.headers["WWW-Authenticate"] == "Bearer"


def test_token():
    response = client.get("/items", headers={"Authorization": "Bearer testtoken"})
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"token": "testtoken"}


def test_incorrect_token():
    response = client.get("/items", headers={"Authorization": "Notexistent testtoken"})

```

而且你还可以根据你的需要响应不同的对象，比如常用的 `dict`，数据库model等。

如果你定义了 `response_model`，程序会自动根据`response_model`来过滤和转换你响应的对象。

**FastAPI** 会使用这个 *临时* 响应对象去装在这些cookies信息 (同样还有headers和状态码等信息), 最终会将这些信息和通过`response_model`转化过的数据合并到最终的响应里。

你也可以在depend中定义`Response`参数，并设置cookie和header。

## 直接响应 `Response`

你还可以在直接响应`Response`时直接创建cookies。

你可以参考[Return a Response Directly](response-directly.md){.internal-link target=_blank}来创建response

async def get_current_user(token: str = Depends(oauth2_scheme)):
    credentials_exception = HTTPException(
        status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
        detail="Could not validate credentials",
        headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
    )
    try:
        payload = jwt.decode(token, SECRET_KEY, algorithms=[ALGORITHM])
        username: str = payload.get("sub")
        if username is None:

async def get_current_user(token: Annotated[str, Depends(oauth2_scheme)]):
    credentials_exception = HTTPException(
        status_code=status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
        detail="Could not validate credentials",
        headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
    )
    try:
        payload = jwt.decode(token, SECRET_KEY, algorithms=[ALGORITHM])
        username: str = payload.get("sub")
        if username is None:

    - tutorial/body-nested-models.md
    - tutorial/schema-extra-example.md
    - tutorial/extra-data-types.md
    - tutorial/cookie-params.md
    - tutorial/header-params.md
    - tutorial/cookie-param-models.md
    - tutorial/header-param-models.md
    - tutorial/response-model.md
    - tutorial/extra-models.md
    - tutorial/response-status-code.md
    - tutorial/request-forms.md

  data?.let {
    request.method(requestMethod, it.toRequestBody(mediaType()))
  }

  for (header in headers.orEmpty()) {
    val parts = header.split(':', limit = 2)
    if (!isSpecialHeader(parts[0])) {
      request.header(parts[0], parts[1])
    }
  }
  referer?.let {
    request.header("Referer", it)
  }
  request.header("User-Agent", userAgent)

  return request.build()
}

		if e != nil {
			t.Errorf("(%d) failed to create http.Request, got %v", i, e)
		}

		// Do the same for the headers.
		for key, value := range testCase.headers {
			req.Header.Set(key, value)
		}

		// parse form.
		req.ParseForm()

		// Check if it matches!
		err := doesPresignedSignatureMatch(payloadSHA256, req, testCase.region, serviceS3)

client = TestClient(app)


def test_path_operation():
    response = client.get("/headers/")
    assert response.status_code == 200, response.text
    assert response.json() == {"message": "Hello World"}
    assert response.headers["X-Cat-Dog"] == "alone in the world"