{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial004_py310.py hl[9:15,18,27:28,30:32,41:43] *}


Puedes leer más detalles sobre ["Ejecutar lifespan en tests en el sitio oficial de documentación de Starlette."](https://www.starlette.dev/lifespan/#running-lifespan-in-tests)

Para los eventos obsoletos `startup` y `shutdown`, puedes usar el `TestClient` así:

# Тестирование событий: lifespan и startup - shutdown { #testing-events-lifespan-and-startup-shutdown }

Если вам нужно, чтобы `lifespan` выполнялся в ваших тестах, вы можете использовать `TestClient` вместе с оператором `with`:

{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial004_py310.py hl[9:15,18,27:28,30:32,41:43] *}

# Ref: https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/issues/14454

from typing import Annotated

from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, FastAPI, Security
from fastapi.security import OAuth2AuthorizationCodeBearer
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from inline_snapshot import snapshot

oauth2_scheme = OAuth2AuthorizationCodeBearer(
    authorizationUrl="authorize",
    tokenUrl="token",
    auto_error=True,

from dataclasses import dataclass
from datetime import datetime

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient

app = FastAPI()


@dataclass
class Item:
    name: str
    date: datetime
    price: float | None = None
    owner_ids: list[int] | None = None


@app.get("/items/valid", response_model=Item)
def get_valid():
    return {"name": "valid", "date": datetime(2021, 7, 26), "price": 1.0}

**FastAPI** アプリケーションが通常の `def` 関数を使っていても、その内側は依然として `async` アプリケーションです。

`TestClient` は、標準の pytest を使って通常の `def` のテスト関数から非同期の FastAPI アプリを呼び出すための「おまじない」を内部で行います。しかし、その「おまじない」はテスト関数自体が非同期の場合には機能しません。テストを非同期で実行すると、テスト関数内で `TestClient` は使えなくなります。

`TestClient` は [HTTPX](https://www.python-httpx.org) を基に作られており、幸いなことに API のテストには HTTPX を直接利用できます。

## 例 { #example }

from typing import Annotated

import pytest
from fastapi import FastAPI, Form
from fastapi.exceptions import FastAPIDeprecationWarning
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from inline_snapshot import snapshot

from .utils import needs_py310


def get_client():
    app = FastAPI()
    with pytest.warns(FastAPIDeprecationWarning):

        @app.post("/items/")
        async def read_items(

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from inline_snapshot import snapshot
from pydantic import BaseModel


class Model(BaseModel):
    name: str


app = FastAPI()


@app.get("/valid1", responses={"500": {"model": int}})
def valid1():
    pass


@app.get("/valid2", responses={"500": {"model": list[int]}})
def valid2():
    pass

테스트에서 `lifespan`을 실행해야 하는 경우, `with` 문과 함께 `TestClient`를 사용할 수 있습니다:

{* ../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial004_py310.py hl[9:15,18,27:28,30:32,41:43] *}


["공식 Starlette 문서 사이트에서 테스트에서 라이프스팬 실행하기."](https://www.starlette.dev/lifespan/#running-lifespan-in-tests)에 대한 자세한 내용을 더 읽을 수 있습니다.

더 이상 권장되지 않는 `startup` 및 `shutdown` 이벤트의 경우, 다음과 같이 `TestClient`를 사용할 수 있습니다:

from fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from inline_snapshot import snapshot
from starlette.exceptions import HTTPException as StarletteHTTPException

app = FastAPI()

items = {"foo": "The Foo Wrestlers"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
async def read_item(item_id: str):
    if item_id not in items:
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=404,
            detail="Item not found",

# https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/discussions/14177
# Made an issue in:
# https://github.com/fastapi/fastapi/issues/14247
from enum import Enum

from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
from inline_snapshot import snapshot
from pydantic import BaseModel, Field


class MessageEventType(str, Enum):
    alpha = "alpha"
    beta = "beta"


class MessageEvent(BaseModel):