Wenn Sie eine Auffrischung darüber benötigen, wann welche Anwendung sinnvoll ist, lesen Sie den Abschnitt „In Eile?“ in der Dokumentation zu [`async` und `await`](../async.md#in-eile){.internal-link target=_blank}.

9. Diese *Pfadoperation-Funktion* gibt keine Datenklassen zurück (obwohl dies möglich wäre), sondern eine Liste von Dictionarys mit internen Daten.

## ✍ 📋 🔢

✍ 🔢 🏃 🖥 📋.

⚫️ 🐩 🔢 👈 💪 📨 🔢.

⚫️ 💪 `async def` ⚖️ 😐 `def` 🔢, **FastAPI** 🔜 💭 ❔ 🍵 ⚫️ ☑.

👉 💼, 📋 🔢 🔜 ✍ 📁 (⚖ 📨 📧).

& ✍ 🛠️ 🚫 ⚙️ `async` & `await`, 👥 🔬 🔢 ⏮️ 😐 `def`:

```Python hl_lines="6-9"
{!../../docs_src/background_tasks/tutorial001.py!}
```

## 🚮 🖥 📋

🔘 👆 *➡ 🛠️ 🔢*, 🚶‍♀️ 👆 📋 🔢 *🖥 📋* 🎚 ⏮️ 👩‍🔬 `.add_task()`:

    As always, in FastAPI you can combine `def` and `async def` as needed.

    If you need a refresher about when to use which, check out the section _"In a hurry?"_ in the docs about [`async` and `await`](../async.md#in-a-hurry){.internal-link target=_blank}.

9. This *path operation function* is not returning dataclasses (although it could), but a list of dictionaries with internal data.

        }

        public Model get() {
            if (!set) {
                synchronized (this) {
                    if (!set) {
                        try {
                            this.wait();
                        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                            // Ignore
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            return model;

				//
				// - Do not consume disks which are being healed
				//
				// - Future: skip busy disks
				return
			}

			mu.Lock()
			newDisks = append(newDisks, disks[i])
			mu.Unlock()
		}()
	}
	wg.Wait()
	return newDisks
}

func (er erasureObjects) getOnlineLocalDisks() (newDisks []StorageAPI) {
	disks := er.getOnlineDisks()

	// Based on the random shuffling return back randomized disks.

		if doneCh == nil {
			return
		}
		// Indicate we are ready to write.
		doneCh <- err

		// Wait for channel to be closed so we don't race on writes.
		<-doneCh

		// Clear so we can be called multiple times without crashing.
		doneCh = nil
	}
}

// waitForHTTPResponse will wait for responses where keepHTTPResponseAlive
// has been used.
// The returned reader contains the payload.

				// persist in-memory state to disk after every 10secs.
				batchLogIf(ctx, ri.updateAfter(ctx, api, 10*time.Second, job))

				if wait := globalBatchConfig.ReplicationWait(); wait > 0 {
					time.Sleep(wait)
				}
			}()
		}
		wk.Wait()

		ri.RetryAttempts = attempts
		ri.Complete = ri.ObjectsFailed == 0
		ri.Failed = ri.ObjectsFailed > 0

		globalBatchJobsMetrics.save(job.ID, ri)

为你需要检查的地方用标准的Python表达式写个简单的 `assert` 语句（重申，标准的`pytest`）。

```Python hl_lines="2  12  15-18"
{!../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial001.py!}
```

/// tip | "提示"

注意测试函数是普通的 `def`，不是 `async def`。

还有client的调用也是普通的调用，不是用 `await`。

这让你可以直接使用 `pytest` 而不会遇到麻烦。

///

/// note | "技术细节"

你也可以用 `from starlette.testclient import TestClient`。

**FastAPI** 提供了和 `starlette.testclient` 一样的 `fastapi.testclient`，只是为了方便开发者。但它直接来自Starlette。

```Python hl_lines="2  12  15-18"
{!../../docs_src/app_testing/tutorial001.py!}
```

/// tip

👀 👈 🔬 🔢 😐 `def`, 🚫 `async def`.

 & 🤙 👩‍💻 😐 🤙, 🚫 ⚙️ `await`.

👉 ✔ 👆 ⚙️ `pytest` 🔗 🍵 🤢.

///

/// note | "📡 ℹ"

👆 💪 ⚙️ `from starlette.testclient import TestClient`.

      Future<?> possiblyIgnoredError = executorService.submit(executeTask);
      returnValue += (int) listenerLatch.getCount();
      listenerLatch.await();
    }
    return returnValue;
  }

  @Benchmark
  int executeThenAdd_multiThreaded(final int reps) throws InterruptedException {
    Runnable addTask =
        new Runnable() {
          @Override