if (dir == null || name == null) {
                throw new NullPointerException("dir and name must be non-null");
            }
            return true;
        };

        NullPointerException npe1 = assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> filter.accept(null, "x"));
        assertTrue(npe1.getMessage().contains("non-null"));

app = FastAPI()


class Item(BaseModel):
    name: str
    price: float
    is_offer: Union[bool, None] = None


@app.get("/")
def read_root():
    return {"Hello": "World"}


@app.get("/items/{item_id}")
def read_item(item_id: int, q: Union[str, None] = None):
    return {"item_id": item_id, "q": q}


@app.put("/items/{item_id}")
def update_item(item_id: int, item: Item):

/// tip | Подсказка

Модель ответа, гарантирующая наличие поля со значением типа `int` (не `None`), очень полезна при разработке API клиентов. Определенность в передаваемых данных может обеспечить написание более простого кода.

import org.jspecify.annotations.Nullable;

/**
 * To be implemented by test generators of things that can contain elements. Such things include
 * both {@link Collection} and {@link Map}; since there isn't an established collective noun that
 * encompasses both of these, 'container' is used.
 *
 * @author George van den Driessche
 */
@GwtCompatible
@NullMarked
public interface TestContainerGenerator<T, E extends @Nullable Object> {

        let children = [].slice.call(announceFastAPI.children);
        children = shuffle(children)
        let index = 0
        const announceRandom = () => {
            children.forEach((el, i) => { el.style.display = "none" });
            children[index].style.display = "block"
            index = (index + 1) % children.length
        }
        announceRandom()
        setInterval(announceRandom, timeInterval
        )
    }

     * {@return the identifier of the artifact}.
     */
    @Nonnull
    String getArtifactId();

    /**
     * Returns the classifier of the artifact.
     *
     * @return the classifier or an empty string if none, never {@code null}
     */
    @Nonnull
    String getClassifier();

    /**
     * {@return the specific version, range of versions, or meta-version of the artifact}.

   * non-nullable {@code cause}, as many users expect to find one.
   */
  public UncheckedExecutionException(@Nullable String message, @Nullable Throwable cause) {
    super(message, cause);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a new instance with {@code null} as its detail message and the given cause. Prefer to
   * provide a non-nullable {@code cause}, as many users expect to find one.
   */

    }

    @Test
    @DisplayName("DOS_ERROR_CODES is non‑null and non‑empty")
    void testCodesArrayExistence() {
        assertNotNull(DosError.DOS_ERROR_CODES, "DOS_ERROR_CODES should be non‑null");
        assertTrue(DosError.DOS_ERROR_CODES.length > 0, "DOS_ERROR_CODES should contain at least one mapping");
    }

    @Test

OpenAPIスキーマを完全に無効にする場合は、`openapi_url=None` を設定できます。これにより、それを使用するドキュメントUIも無効になります。

## ドキュメントのURL

以下の2つのドキュメントUIを構築できます:

* **Swagger UI**: `/docs` で提供されます。
     * URL はパラメータ `docs_url` で設定できます。
     * `docs_url=None` を設定することで無効にできます。
* ReDoc: `/redoc` で提供されます。
     * URL はパラメータ `redoc_url` で設定できます。
     * `redoc_url=None` を設定することで無効にできます。

        } catch (final UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            throw new UnsupportedEncodingRuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Polls an encryption cipher from the queue, creating a new one if none are available.
     *
     * @return an encryption cipher
     */
    protected Cipher pollEncryptoCipher() {
        Cipher cipher = encryptoQueue.poll();
        if (cipher == null) {