* @param params the search request parameters including pagination, filters, etc.
     * @param userBean the optional user bean for access control and personalization
     * @return the search result containing matched documents and metadata
     */
    protected abstract SearchResult search(String query, SearchRequestParams params, OptionalThing<FessUserBean> userBean);

import org.apache.maven.api.services.Result;

/**
 * Interface for caching request results in Maven. This cache implementation provides
 * methods for executing and optionally caching both single requests and batches of requests.
 * <p>
 * The cache behavior is determined by the cache retention specified in the request's metadata.
 * Results can be cached at different policies (forever, session, request, or not at all)

        "R0.34, R0.28, R0.25, R0.25", // #5
        "U4.25", // #6
        "R0.00, R0.72, R0.66, R0.59, R0.53, R0.47, R0.41", // #7
        "R0.34, R0.28, R0.25, R0.25"); // #7 (cont.), note, this matches #5
  }

  public void testWarmUpAndUpdateWithColdFactor() {
    RateLimiter limiter = RateLimiter.create(5.0, 4000, MILLISECONDS, 10.0, stopwatch);
    for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
      limiter.acquire(); // #1

        "R0.34, R0.28, R0.25, R0.25", // #5
        "U4.25", // #6
        "R0.00, R0.72, R0.66, R0.59, R0.53, R0.47, R0.41", // #7
        "R0.34, R0.28, R0.25, R0.25"); // #7 (cont.), note, this matches #5
  }

  public void testWarmUpAndUpdateWithColdFactor() {
    RateLimiter limiter = RateLimiter.create(5.0, 4000, MILLISECONDS, 10.0, stopwatch);
    for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
      limiter.acquire(); // #1

		return false
	}
	// We have checked if prefix matches, so we can do direct compare.
	return b.First > prefix
}

// endedPrefix returns true if the given prefix ends within the block.
func (b metacacheBlock) endedPrefix(prefix string) bool {
	if prefix == "" || strings.HasPrefix(b.Last, prefix) {
		return false
	}

	// We have checked if prefix matches, so we can do direct compare.
	return b.Last > prefix

 * this implementation type; that is no hint/name.
 *
 * This leads to a second side effect in that any @Inject request for just ModelProcessor in
 * the same injector is immediately matched to this explicit binding, which means extensions
 * cannot override this binding. This is because the lookup is always short-circuited in this
 * specific situation (plain @Inject request, and plain explicit binding for the same type.)

        } catch (IOException e) {
            fail("Should not throw IOException: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    /**
     * Test resource content integrity.
     * Verifies that loaded content matches expected structure.
     */
    @Test
    public void testResourceContent_integrity() throws Exception {
        // Test mappings content

    return Sets.newHashSetWithExpectedSize(expectedSize);
  }

  static <E extends @Nullable Object> Set<E> newConcurrentHashSet() {
    // GWT's ConcurrentHashMap is a wrapper around HashMap, but it rejects null keys, which matches
    // the behaviour of the non-GWT implementation of newConcurrentHashSet().
    // On the other hand HashSet might be better for code size if apps aren't
    // already using Collections.newSetFromMap and ConcurrentHashMap.

	deadline := UTCNow().Add(leakDetectDeadline * time.Second)
	for {
		// get sack snapshot of relevant go routines.
		leaked := initialSnapShot.CompareCurrentSnapshot()
		// current stack snapshot matches the initial one, no leaks, return.
		if len(leaked) == 0 {
			return
		}
		// wait a test again will deadline.
		if UTCNow().Before(deadline) {
			time.Sleep(leakDetectPauseTimeMs * time.Millisecond)
			continue

	return wrapReader{
		Reader: wrapped,
	}
}

// A Reader wraps an io.Reader and computes the
// MD5 checksum of the read content as ETag.
//
// Optionally, a Reader can also verify that
// the computed ETag matches an expected value.
// Therefore, it compares both ETags once the
// underlying io.Reader returns io.EOF.
// If the computed ETag does not match the
// expected ETag then Read returns a VerifyError.
//